*  <Content-type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1>
*
*  Sona-English Electric Dictionary                        updated 2013-08-12
*  created and maintained by Rich Harrison                   www.sonagona.org
* 
*  Copyright 2013 by Richard K Harrison. This online file is provided under 
*  the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 
*  license. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/deed.en_US
*
*
*  symbols and abbreviations ------
*
*  { } encloses source of data about word, usually chapter/section of Book.
*  {RA} = Reasonable Assumption based on patterns seen in the Book.
*  <N> indicates a neologism that does not appear in Searight's book.
*  <?> indicates an item that might not be defined well enough to safely use.
*
*  KS = Kenneth Searight
*  SU = SonaUiki archives from 2004-2006
*
*  cf.    "compare this to ..."                esp.   especially
*  defn.  definition                           prob.  probably
*  e.g.   "for example ..."
*  E-o    Esperanto
*
*  part of speech tags ------
*  
*  Entries are tagged with their most likely part of speech (noun, adverb, 
*  etc). Read pages 20-21 of the Book to understand that words can sometimes
*  change their part of speech without changing their form.
*
*  [abbr] abbreviation                        [pfx] prefix
*  [adj] adjective                            [prep] preposition
*  [adv] adverb                               [pron] pronoun
*  [conj] conjunction                         [sfx] suffix
*  [fu] fulana                                [v] verb
*  [n] noun                                   [!] interjection
*  [num] numeral
*  [pcl] particle
*  
* 
*  notes on the file format ------
* 
*  Lines that start with ^ contain commentary about the preceding Sona word.
* 
*  > at the start of a line means "this entry is an echo of an entry that is
*      located elsewhere in the file."
* 
*  Lines beginning with asterisks are comment lines, or lexical entries which 
*      are so questionable that I don't believe they should be processed.
*
*  Lines beginning with @ are material from the Table of Radicals that should
*      be ignored under most circumstances. Students should remember that
*      the Table of Radicals contains vague, misleading information.
* 
*  Tag sequence: nunnu<?> (nun+nu) <N> [adv] : english, english {source}
*
*
*  This is a work in progress. Further revisions will be published.


@ a [particle-p] : at; fixed place (sf.) {VIII,IX}

a [sfx] : (indicates "fixed place") {§15}
> danya : bank
> idaya : office
> pia : nest
> reya : street
> vedaya : farm

a [sfx] : (indicates "female resident" of a country) {§14}
> Fransa : French woman
> Itala : Italian woman

a [pfx] : (creates adverb of location as opposed to motion; cf. 'li') {§30}
> afu : outside
> ayaka : overhead
> ayego : around
> ayeza : in the rear

a [prep] : at (located in the same place/domain as ...)
^ is listed in chapter IX examples "a karipa" "a toruda"  
a ci : where (the place which...) {IX}
aua [adv] : there-at {§30}


@ aba [radical-v] : punish, penal, avenge {VIII}
aba [v] : punish, penalize {RA}
abada [n] : punishment, penalty {VII,IX}
abadan [n] : fine (penalty), penalty (monetary fine) {VII}
abakan [n] : prison {IX}


@ abe [radical-n] : clear, pale, fair, flax {VIII}
abegin [n] : linen {IX}
abejen [n] : nickel (the metal) {IX} 
abero <N> [adj] : pale
abevan [n] : mist {IX}
abexa [n] : lily {§17}
abeyo [adj] : clear, simple {IX}


@ abi [radical-n] : habit, mode, custom {VIII}
abi [n] : habit, custom {RA}
abio [adj] : habitual, customary {RA}


@ abo [radical-n] : antelope, buck {VIII}
^ no usage/discussion in Book ~ reserve for possible repurposing?


@ abu [radical-v] : love, desire, dear {VIII}
^ apparently covers familial as well as romantic love
abu [v] : love {§23}
abuda [n] : love {IX}
abuni [adj] : dear (beloved), loved {IX}


@ ada [radical-n] : work, function, make {VIII}
^ based on usage, a better defn. would be industry / business / (employment?)
adani [adj] : engaged (occupied), busy ("tu adanike indiri") {VII}
adda (ada+da) [n] : operation, working {IX}
fuada [n] : foreign affairs
> giada : company, firm
> hiada : industry
> siada : business
> zinyasagiada : life insurance company


@ ade [radical-n] : hollow, cave, cup, scoop {VIII}
^ refers to various types of concave things, concavity
adebin [n] : basin (utensil) {IX}
adema [n] : cave, mine {IX} 
adeya [n] : basin (in terrain), hollow (= valley), valley {IX}
^ adema and adeya should be noted when studying usages of -ma vs. -a


@ adi [radical-n] : portion, share, lot {VIII}
adi [n] : portion, share (one's alloted part of a thing) {RA}
adika [v] : distribute {RA}
adikada [n] : distribution {IX}


@ ado [radical-v] : add, addition, affix, sum {VIII}
ado [n] : addition {page_100}
ado [adj] : extra, additional {VII,IX}
^ "mi bezi ado mukupona" page 77
ado [conj] : plus ("enna ado tin zi ca")
adolen [n] : bill (list of charges), account (bill), list {VII,IX}
^ adolen is a verb on page 87 "nu adolen po tinyedi diri"
adoyu [adv] : additionally, in addition {RA}


@ adu [radical-n] : bone, thin, skeleton {VIII}
adu [n] : bone {IX}
adusinyo [adj] : thin (bony) {IX}


@ aga [radical-n] : earth, ground, land {VIII}
aga [n] : land (ground), earth {VIII,IX}
agacon <N> [n] : soil, dirt (soil)
agaden [n] : plough, plow {IX}
agadi <N> [n] : terra firma, earth (cf. hudi; sudi)
agagon <N> [n] : Earth (name of our planet) {DH}
agaitu [n] : brick {IX}
agama [n] : land {IX}
agamo [n] : potato {IX}


@ age [radical-v] : meet, contact {VIII}
^ add "join" in the sense of "I will join you in a few minutes"
age [v] : meet
^ "mi va agetu ayesuno" page 78
ageda [n] : meeting {IX}
ageya <N> [n] : meeting-place, forum


@ agi [radical-n] : compress, dense, thick {VIII}
^ might also indicate "solid" state of matter as opposed to gas/liquid {SU}
agina [n] : solid {IX}
agini [adj] : solid {IX}
agio [adj] : thick (dense or viscous?) {IX}
^ hypothesis-> agio = viscous/heavy and agisinyo = large from edge to edge
agisinyo [adj] : thick (bulky? large from edge to edge?) {IX}


@ ago [radical-n] curve, bend, arc, arch {VIII}
agomo <N> [n] : banana
agona [n] : curve {IX}
agoru <N> [v] : turn (change course by curving to a different trajectory) {SU}


@ agu [radical-n] : slope, lean, tilt, trend {VIII}
agua [n] : slope {IX}
agune [n] : tendency {IX}
* aguni : bent<?> {IX}
^ SonaUiki: "gun (angle) seems more the preferred radical" for translating 
^   'bent' -- Searight was prob. thinking of some less common sense of 'bent'
agusi [v] : lean
^ "foli da agusi fu selo" page 85


@ aka [radical-p] : above, high, up, raise {VIII}
^ covers both vertical size (gayaka) and altitude of an object above ground
aka [adj] : tall, high {§22}
> gayaka : tall
tayaka [adj] : high -- very high {§22}
akacan [n] : lift (elevator), elevator {IX}
^ lift is British English, elevator is American
akadi [n] : top {IX}
akali [adv] : up, upwards {IX}
akaliani [adv] : up and down {§21}
akama [n] : mountain {§22,IX}
akasi [v] : get up, arise (especially from bed) {§27}
^ "zii jun mi akasi" page 73
akayani [adv] : high and low {§21}
akka (aka+ka) [v] : lift, raise {IX}
ayaka [adv] : above, high up, over {IX,page_57}


@ ake [radical-v] : request, pray, propose, offer {VIII}
ake [n] : proposal, offer {page_86}
akeda [n] : application (requesting something from an organization) {page_86}
akedan [n] : charge (price) {VII}
akela [v] : ask (to do or reveal something)
^ ji akelanii = a person being asked, page 88
akeni [n] : request {IX}
joyake <N> [v] : pray


@ aki [radical-n] : speed, swift, quick, hasten {VIII}
aki [!] : hurry! {page_115}
> utoyaki : too fast!
akibasi min [v] : burst into (suddenly enter) {page_89}
akio [adj] : quick, fast, sharp (when "sharp" = sudden) {IX,RA}
akiperu [v] : run (propel oneself quickly with one's legs) {IX}
akiri ci : as soon as {§30}
akisamene [n] : quickness of understanding {§21}
akisi [!] : be quick!, hurry up! {§27}
akiu [adv] : quickly, rapidly, swiftly {§30}
akizu [n] : horse {§5,IX}


@ ako [radical-n] : short, brief, clip, shrink {VIII}
^ pertains to short time periods rather than lack of height
> lenyako : summary, digest
akoriu [adv] : temporarily {§32}
akose <N> [v] : glimpse, glance at {SU}
akoyo [adv] : short (in time), brief {RA}


@ aku [radical-n] : surface, skim, slip, slide {VIII}
akufen [n] : slip (losing traction) {IX}


@ ala [radical-v] : praise, hail, cheer {VIII}
^ no usage/discussion in Book
ala [v] : praise, complement (say nice things about) {RA}


@ ale [radical-n] : sign, mean, flag, crest {VIII}
^ crest as in heraldry? 
ale [v] : mean, signify, indicate<?>
^ "keu tu ale" in VII
aleko [n] : detail {IX}
alena [n] : sign {IX}
alepanyo [adj] : serious {IX}
aletayo [adj] : important {IX}
alete [v] : point out {VII}


@ ali [radical-n] : side, flank, wing {VIII}
ali [n] : wing {IX}
alidi [n] : side {IX}
aliga [n] : side (flank of the body) {IX}
alisi [!] : out of the way!, stand aside! {§27}
alli (ali+li) [adv] : sideways {§30}
ayali [adv] : beside, aside {§30}


@ alo [radical-v] : allow, permit, leave, ticket {VIII}
alo [v] : allow, permit {IX}
alodi [n] : holiday (probably means "any day off from work") {§20}
aloha [!] : dismissed!, goodbye {page_115}
alolen [n] : ticket (to attend a performance etc) {RA}
aloni [adj] : allowed, permissible {VII}
kinyalo [v] : authorize {VII}


@ alu [radical-v] : invite, host, guest {VIII}
alu [v] : invite {VII}
^ "mie uo aluti da pata" page 82
alukan [n] : hotel {IX}


@ ama [radical-p] : instead, proxy, vice- {VIII}
^ add "substitute" and "replace"
ama [prep] : instead of, in place of {RA}
ama [v] : replace {RA}
ama mi [!] : take my place!, fill in for me!, substitute for me! {§27}
amadaci [n] : representative {IX}


@ ame [radical-v] : regard, note, observe {VIII}
^ observe as in "observe (respect) their customs/holidays"??
ame [v] : respect (hold in high regard) {RA}
ameda [n] : respect {IX}
ameni [adj] : esteemed {page_87}


@ ami [radical-n] : mean, modify, normal {VIII}
^ mean in the sense of "average," modify in the sense of "to moderate"
amio [adj] : normal, average {IX}


@ amo [radical-n] : climax, acme, summit {VIII}
amo- [pfx] : super- (extremely) {page_59}
amocin [n] : record (best achievement in sport) {IX}
amodi [n] : top, peak {IX}


@ amu [radical-n] : pliant, supple, flex {VIII}
amubi [n] : spring (flexing thing) {IX}
amulio [adj] : elastic {IX}


@ an [particle] : she, her
an [pron] : she, her
anye [pron] : they (fem.), them (fem.), their (fem.) {§23}


@ ana [radical-p] : against, hostile, oppose {VIII}
ana [prep] : against {§30,IX}
ana po : contrary to {§30}
anaban : attack {IX}
anaka <N> [v] : oppose (be against)
anala [v] : protest {IX}
anaui [prep] : in spite of, despite {§30}
ayana [prep] : opposite {IX}
poyana : contrary -- on the contrary, but (when "but" = "on the contrary") {§30}


@ ane [radical-v] : avoid, shun, flee {VIII}
ane [v] : avoid {RA}
aneru [v] : flee (travel away from) {RA}


@ ani [radical-p] : under, fall, low, down {VIII}
ani [prep] : under, below {§30}
li ani : bottom -- to the bottom {§30}
ania : downstairs {§30}
anice [v] : support {IX}
anili [adj] : down {IX}
anio [adj] : low {IX}
aniru <N> [v] : descend
aniruda <N> [v] : descent
anisi [v] : fall {IX}
anisi [!] : get down! {§27}
anisida [n] : fall {IX}
anitayo [adj] : deep {IX}
aniten [n] : tray {IX}
ayani [adv] : below {§30}


@ ano [radical-p] : across, span, transfer {VIII}
ano [prep] : across (located on the other side) {§30}
ano- [pfx] : trans- {§30}
anoli [adv] : across (going to the other side) {§30}
annoda (ano+noda) [n] : transport {IX}
anore [n] : bridge {IX}


@ anu [radical-v] : upset, revolt, disturb {VIII}
^ no usage/discussion in Book ~ reserve for possible repurposing?


@ apa [radical-n] : store, supply, furnish, equip {VIII}
apakan [n] : store (for shopping), shop (a store) {VII,IX}
lanayapa <N> [n] : vocabulary (supply of words)


@ ape [radical-n] : reptile with legs, creep {VIII}
^ no usage/discussion in Book ~ compare to ipe


@ api [radical-n] : insect with wings {VIII}
api : bee {IX}
apixa <N> : butterfly


@ apo [radical-p] : on, upon, over, impose, ride, tax {VIII}
apo [prep] : on (located upon and touching) {§30}
^ "on - po, (with contact) apo" {§30}
apodan [n] : tax {IX}
apoli [prep] : onto
apona [n] : roof {IX}
ayapo [prep] : on top, top -- on top of, astride {§30}


@ apu [radical-n] : obscene, lewd, desire {VIII}
^ Searight's compounds do not match the radical definition very well. 
^   He may have had some confusion between 'apu' and 'ipu' and perhaps
^   'apune' should have been 'ipune'
apuda<?> [v] : hate {IX}
apune<?> [n] : disgust {IX}


@ ara [radical-n] : master, tame, tyrant {VIII}
arabino [n] : carriage {IX}
arace [v] : control {IX}
arada [n] : rule {IX}
arane [n] : power {IX}


@ are [radical-n] : order, arrange, series {VIII}
are [n] : order (arrangement) {IX}
areka <N> [v] : arrange
arelen <N> [n] : list, table (of data)
lanayapayarelen <N> [n] : glossary, vocabulary list
> soyare : organize


@ ari [radical-v] : reach, gain, come {VIII}
ari [v] : come, arrive {VII,IX}
arika [v] : reach (travel as far as), arrive at {RA}
arili [prep] : till {IX}
arise [v] : visit {VII}


@ aro [radical-n] : beauty, adorn, fair {VIII}
aro [n] : beauty {RA}
arona [n] : ornament, decorative thing {IX}
arone [n] : art {IX}
arovio [adj] : beautiful {IX}


@ aru [radical-v] : draw, pull, charm {VIII}
aru [v] : pull {§27}
arubi [n] : pump {IX}
arucan [n] : drawer {IX}
aruka [v] : pull {IX}
arukada [n] : attraction, pull {IX}
tanyaru <N> [n] : gravity


@ asa [radical-v] : prove, certain, ensure {VIII}
asa [!] : certainly! {§27}
asaua : certain -- for certain {§30}
asayo [adj] : certain (sure) {IX}


@ ase [radical-v] : care, watch, keep {VIII}
^ add "monitor"?
aseda [n] : care, watch {IX}
aseki [!] : take care!, caution! {§27}
asekio [adj] : awake {IX}
asesi [!] : beware!, look out!, watch out! {§27}


@ asi [radical-n] : like, same, copy {VIII}
asi : so, as, such {§30,IX}
^ asi zilani po kiva sokasaye, ti va daka asi jibici {VII}
asi ... ci : as ... as {§30}
asi [!] : just so! {§27}
asi [v] : resemble ("isara be ukida to asi") {VII}
asie : so many {§30}
asiha [!] : told you so! {§27}
asiko : so little ... {§30}
asina [n] : copy {IX}
asio [adj] : like, same {IX}
asipan [!] : absolutely! {§27}
asita : so much ... {§30}
asiu [adv] : similarly, likewise (in the same way) {§30}
asiua [conj] : as if {§30}
asiua da : so as to {§28,30}
assi (asi+si) : just as {§30}


@ aso [radical-n] : truth, faith, trust {VIII}
^ what a tangle! "You have confused the true and the real."
aso [v] : trust, faith -- have faith in {RA}
aso mi [!] : trust me! {§27}
asoua [adv] : really {§30}
asoyo [adj] : true {IX}


@ asu [radical-n] : slime, bog, mucus {VIII}
^ no usage/discussion in Book


@ ata [radical-v] : spread, stretch, wide {VIII}
^ add "extend, expansion"
atalio [adj] : elastic {IX}
atare : stretch {IX}
atarenda [n] : expansion {IX}
ataru [v] : stretch {IX}
* atasada [n] : propaganda {IX}
atayo [adj] : wide {IX}


@ ate [radical-n] : tube, pipe, cylinder {VIII}
ate [n] : tube, pipe {RA}
boyate <N> [n] : sausage, wiener
goyate <N> [n] : torus, ring-shaped or doughnut-shaped object


@ ati [radical-v] : throw, shoot, missile {VIII}
ati [v] : throw {RA}


@ ato [radical-n] : old, age, senior {VIII}
^ does this only mean contra-young or also does it also include contra-new?
ato [adj] : old {§35}


@ atu [radical-n] : eight, octagonal {VIII}
atu [num] : eight
atupesuzu <N> [n] : octopus


@ au [particle] : but {VIII}
* au [conj] : but
^ no usage in Book; KS says 'au' is a monosyllable, therefore it must be a
^   diphthong, but KS claims Sona has no diphthongs; see "SonaUiki Notes on
^   the Particles" for additional reasons why this morpheme should be retired.


@ aza [radical-v] : delay, slow, late, lazy {VIII}
aza [adj] : late (tardy) {§27}
^ "tu aza (zi)" {§27}
azabi [n] : brake {IX}
azali [!] : slowly! {page_114}
azani [adj] : hindered, impeded
azasi [!] : slowly! {§27}
azayo [adj] : slow {IX}
riaza : late {IX}
utoyaza [!] : too slow! {§27}


@ aze [radical-v] : accuse, blame {VIII}
^ no usage/discussion in Book
aze [v] : accuse, blame {RA}


@ azi [radical-n] : vigour, active, vivid {VIII}
azio [adj] : vigorous {RA}
aziboro [adj] : vivid red {RA}
aziroyo [adj] : brightly colored, vividly coloured {RA}
^ azi- as a prefix of vivid color is mentioned in §22


@ azo [radical-n] : acid, bitter, sarcasm {VIII}
azo [n] : acid {IX}
azovio [adj] : bitter {IX}
azomo <N> : lemon {RH}
veroyazomo <N> : lime (fruit) {RH}


@ azu [radical-n] : storm, fury, violent {VIII}
^ does 'azu' by itself mean storm, violence, or both?
azucio : violent {IX}
azuvio [adj] : stormy {RA}
tayazuvi [adj] : stormy -- very stormy {VII}


@ ba [radical-v] : strike, military, weapon {VIII}
ba [v] : hit, strike {§33}
baha [!] : bang! {§27}
bani [n] : blow (an impact) {IX}
baren [n] : whip {IX}
baru [v] : fight (have a fight) {§33}
bate [n] : rod, stick {§3,IX}
batebi [n] : hammer {IX}
baudu <N> [v] : bludgeon, pound on (hit repeatedly) {SU}


ba- [pfx] : military {IX}
bacote [n] : arms (bladed weapons) {IX}
badi [n] : military {IX}
bara [n] : soldier
baika [n] : bayonet
bali [!] : to arms! {§27}
basu [adj] : naval {§21}
bayati [n] : artillery {§32}
baze [!] : blast! {§27}
bazo [v] : shoot (a gun), firing (of guns) {IX}
bazo-uo [!] : fire! (shoot!) {§28}
bazote [n] : arms (firearms) {IX}


ba [sfx] (creates a miscellaneous transitive verb)
> laba : speak (a language)
> suba : pour


@ ban [radical-v] : contest, fight, match {VIII}
ban [n] : fight {IX}
ban [n] : match (between competitors) {RA}
bandi [n] : army {IX}
> anaban : attack
> lubanda : sport (competitive)
sobanda [n] : competition {IX}


@ be [radical-p] : without, strip, undo, poor {VIII}
be [prep] : without (not having)
^ "isara be ukida" {VII}
be fa [!] : no chance! {§27}
be fi [!] : without fail! {§27}
be ken [!] : no doubt! {§27}
be xafa [!] : no luck! {§27}
beli [adv] : barely {§30}
bero [adj] : white {§22,IX}
berogin [n] : cotton (thread) {IX}
berojen [n] : tin (the metal) {IX}
berove [n] : cotton {IX}
* besi [!] : undress yourself! {§27}
beu [adv] : lacking, wanting (lacking) {§30}
beyo [sfx] : -less (not having) {§22}
bezi [v] : need, lack, want (not have) {§35,IX}
bezio [adj] : poor (have-not) {IX}


@ ben [radical-n] : clean, bathe, polish {VIII}
ben [v] : cleanse, clean up {RA}
> bendia : bathroom
bengin [n] : cloth (washcloth), washrag {IX}
bensuda [n] : wash<?> {IX}
^ being British this might mean "doing the laundry" or "doing the dishes"
benya [n] : bath {VII,IX}
benyo [adj] : clean {IX}
jaben [v] : polish (rub-clean) {IX}
> jebenni : bright


@ bi [radical-p] : by, use, tool {VIII}
bi [prep] : by (by means of as in "come by bus"), with (utilizing...) {RA}
bi [prep] : by (done by as in "jidi akeda bi tu")
bi [v] : use, utilize
^ "ubani da bi sucandia" {VII}
bi ira : by force {§30}
bia [n] : way<?> {IX}
bida [n] : usage, utilization {VII,IX}
biji [n] : servant {IX}
bika [v] : use, utilize {RA}
bikora [n] : page boy, bellhop {VII}
* bili [prep] : for (to be used for ~ Searight: "for the use of") {§30}
bina [n] : instrument {IX}
bine [n] : system, way (of doing) {IX}
bino [n] : cart, carriage, wagon {IX}
biu [adv] : in use (being used), actively (in use) {§30}
bixoda [n] : advertisement (advertising) {IX}
bixolen [n] : advertisement {IX}
> bivelen : toilet paper
> bidia : restroom


bi [sfx] : instrument, tool {§15}
kosebi <N> [n] : magnifying glass
konsebi <N> [n] : microscope
utisebi <N> [n] : telescope
> cebi : key
> cobi : knife
> denbi : spade
> dubi : stick
> ginbi : net
> ilebi : stamp
> jabi : brush
> kubi : tray
> oribi : clock
> tebi : handle
> ugubi : hook


* bi [sfx] : organ of the body
^ KS used -bi to name bodyparts when better choices were unavailable
> gabi : organ (of the body)
> labi : lip
> rabi : penis


@ bin [radical-n] : utensil {VIII}
bin [n] : utensil (especially for household tasks)
> adebin : basin
> kobin : pot
> subinko : bucket
> tebin : cup
> zobin : kettle
> ikuzobin : pan


bio [sfx] : useful for...
^ Searight gives the poor example rabio = phallic
lebio <N> [adj] : writing (made for writing as in "lebio velen") {SU}


@ bo [radical-n] : flesh, blood, german (meaning "related") {VIII}
^ "german" an example of Searight's love for obscure senses of English words
boci [n] : butcher {§14}
bocia [n] : butchershop {§15}
boga [n] : flesh {§15}
boji [n] : blood relative, relation (related person) {§14,IX}
bona [n] : meat (for eating) {§15,IX}
bora [n] : brother {§4,IX}
boranin [n] : nephew {§14}
boro [n/adj] : carmine color, red (blood red) {§22,IX}
bosu [n] : blood {IX}
boxa <N> [n] : ruby
bozan [n] : sister {§14,IX}
bozannin [n] : niece {§14}


@ bon [radical-n] : plenty, wealth, bounty {VIII}
^ no usage/discussion in Book
bon [n] : wealth, riches {RA}


@ bu [radical-n] : smell, fume, smoke, kiss {VIII}
^ there is no evidence for the "smoke" claim in the radical description
buda [n] : smell {IX}
buga [n] : nose {IX}
bugafu [n/v] : sneeze {IX}
buna [n] : smell {IX}
busa [v] : kiss {IX}
busana [n] : kiss {IX}
bute [n] : nose {§3}
^ are 'buga' and 'bute' synoyms or is there a difference in meaning?


@ bun [radical-n] : taste, savour {VIII}
bun [n] : flavor, taste (of food) {RA}


by : 'b' (the name of this letter of the alphabet) {§8}


@ ca [radical-n] : four, square, rectangle {VIII}
^ as suffix often names rectangular things like "sheet" and "field"
ca [num] : four
cagun [n] : square (four-angled thing?) {IX}
cason [num] : 400 {§19}
caya [n] : square (plaza) {IX}
cayedi [num] : forty
cayedido [num] : 42 {§19}
cayedio [adj] : 40th {§19}
cayodi [n] : Thursday {§20}
> lukaca : stage (for performance before an audience)
> veca : field (area of open land)
> loca : park (public space)
> veloca : garden {IX}


@ can [radical-n] : box, cell, case, room {VIII}
can [n] : box, case, compartment
> arucan : drawer
> cecan : safe (lockable box)
> ducan : crate
> pazocan : oven
> tacan : chest


@ ce [radical-v] : fix, secure, support {VIII}
ceba [v] : lock {IX}
cebani [adj] : locked, fixed (= unchanging?) {IX}
cebi [n] : key {§15,IX}
cecan <N> [n] : safe (lockable box)
cega [n] : sinew, tendon {§15}
ceika [n] : pin {IX}
ceiro [n] : star {IX}
^ ce- indicates fixed star, not planet; cannot mean "morning star" (Venus)
cekadi [n] : police {IX}
cekadikaya [n] : police headquarters {VII}
celena [n] : cheque {IX}
celeni [adj] : registered {VII}
ceme [v] : decide {RA}
cemeda [n] : decision {IX}
cemo [n] : button (on a shirt etc.) {IX}
cena [n] : lock {§15,IX}
ceni [adj] : fixed {IX}
cenni [adj] : shut, closed {IX}
cepo [n] : cover {IX}
cero [n] : wax (as in "sealing wax") {IX}
cesi [!] : still -- stand still! {§27}
ceu [adv] : safely
* cezoi<?> : safe {IX}
^ either typo in Book or Searight was thinking of an obscure sense of "safe"


@ cen [radical-v] : shut, stop, bar, gate {VIII}
cen [!] : stop! {§27,page_114}
cen mindu [!] : shut the door {§27}
cenba dulo [!] : shut the door {VII}
cenba [v] : close (a door etc), shut {RA}
cenya [n] : stop (as in "bus-stop"?) {IX}


@ ci [radical-n] : which, refer, some {§3,VII,IX}
ci [pron] : who (relative pronoun), which (relative pronoun)
cia [adv] : somewhere {§23}
ciahe [adv] : wherever, where-ever {§30}
cida [sfx] : -ery (practice of a trade or profession) {§16}
cidi [adj] : some (some part/amount of ...) {§23}
ci di [adj] : some (some part/amount of ...) {IX}
cie [adj] : so many {§23}
cien [adj] : certain -- a certain one, particular -- a particular one {§13,IX}
cieta [adj] : some more {§23}
cigi [n] : things (belongings) {IX}
ciji [pron] : someone, somebody {§23}
cina [n] : something, thing (singular) {§23,IX}
cine [n] : relation {IX}
cine [sfx] : -ology (theory of / study of) {§16}
^ ~~ note apparent homophones ~~
cira [pron] : someone (masc.), some man {§3,23}
ciri [adv] : sometimes {§23}
ciru [v] : refer {§3}
cisi : whose {§23}
cita [adj] : so much {§23}
ciu [adv] : somehow {§23,30}
ciua [prep] : about (concerning; on the topic of) {IX}
civi [adj] : some kind of {§23}
civi [sfx] : art of ... (see §16), craft of ... (see §16) {§16}
^ ~~ note apparent homophones ~~


ci [sfx] : (person who does X especially as a profession) {§14}
> boci : butcher
> idakaci : manager
> jibici : personal agent
> jileci : secretary
> muci : barber


cia [sfx] : business-place, boutique {§15}
> bocia : butchershop
> panacia : bakery
> jitolencia : passport office
> lenocia : post office


@ cin [radical-n] : grade, scale, step {VIII}
^ add "degree, level"
cin [n] : grade, degree, level {IX}
cinne [n] : scale {IX}
cinyu [n] : gradually {§30}
> pecin : step
> rucin : rate (of speed etc)


cio [sfx] : (creates active participle as in "inecio ra" a sleeping man)
^ described in §22 but Searight's examples are a little weak
> ilocio : hanging
> unicio : dependent


@ co [radical-v] : cut, kill, knife {VIII}
co [v] : cut
coba [!] : crash! {§27}
cobi [n] : knife {IX}
codo [n] : scissors {IX}
coko [n] : ant {IX}
coni [n] : cut {IX}
> haco : insect
> sancoda : surgery


@ con [radical-n] : crush, dust, powder {VIII}
con [!] : crunch! {§27}
conba : crush {IX}
lecon <N> [n] : toner (in a copier or laser printer)
> sucon : sand


@ cu [radical-v] : wish, want, hope {VIII}
cu [v] : wish, want (want to have or want to do) {VII}
cula [v] : wish (aloud for something as in "mi culatu ju inotori")
cu mi xafa [!] : wish me luck! {§27}
cu ua [!] : would that ... (oh how I wish) {§27}
cu ui [!] : with pleasure! {§27}


@ cun [radical-n] : whim, caprice {VIII}
cun [n] : whim, caprice, impulse (sudden urge to do)


cy : 'c' (the name of this letter of the alphabet) {§8}


@ da [radical-v] : do, act, to (infinitive verb marker) {VIII}
da [v] : do (tu da ke - what are you doing?)
da [pcl] to (indicating an infinitive verb as in mi cu da ru - I want to go)
dalen [n] : programme (planned sequence of actions) {IX}
dane [n] : deed {§3}
dasi [v] : act {IX}
dasini [n] : act {IX}
daxa [n] : act -- a kind act, deed -- a nice deed {§17}
da mie : let's do... ("da mie zi soji" = let's be friends)
da zia : let there be... (as in "da zia iro")
daka asi : acting as ... (performing the function of) {VII}


da [sfx] : (indicates a "verbal noun" or perhaps a deverbal noun) {§16}
> ageda : meeting
> dilakada : discussion
> insada : learning
> zida : existence


@ dan [radical-n] : value, money, price {VIII}
dangi [n] : money {IX}
danko [n] : change (money) {IX}
danlena [n] : note (piece of paper currency) {VII}
danne [n] : value {IX}
dannu [n] : change (money) {IX}
danxa [n] : reward money {IX}
danya [n] : bank (money-place) {IX}
> abadan : fine (penalty)
didan [n] : discount {VII}
indan [n] : income {§24}
kedan : how much does it cost?
undan [n] : expenditure, spending {§24}


@ de [radical-p] : through, hole, pierce {VIII}
de [prep] : through
de [v] : pierce, penetrate {RA}
decen [n] : cork (in a botton) {IX}
deu [adv] : thoroughly {§30}
deua [adv] : throughout {§30}


@ den [radical-n] : tooth, bite, plough, dig {VIII}
den [v] : bite {IX}
den [n] : tooth {IX}
dena [n] : hole {IX}
denbi [n] : spade {IX}
denda [n] : bite {IX}
denga [n] : tooth {IX}
dengayo [adj] : dental {RA}
dente [n] : fork {IX}
> agaden : plough, plow
> muden : comb


@ di [radical-p] : of, part, limb {VIII}
di [prep] : of (meaning "part of" not just "loosely associated with")
di [n] : part (as in zadi - vandi - umidi - etc)
di [adj] : some (an unspecified amount of e.g. di velen / di mujali su)
dibana [n] : smash {IX}
dica [n] : area {§15}
dici [num] : ten {§19}
dicina usu : ten pieces of silver {§19}
dicio [adj] : tenth {§19}
dicitan [num] : ten thousand, myriad {§19}
dida [n] : dividing {§16}
diga [n] : limb (arm or leg), paw {§15}
dikan [n] : apartment, flat {§15}
diko [num] : half {§19}
dikohori [n] : half an hour {§20}
dilaka [v] : discuss {IX}
dilakada [n] : discussion {IX}
dili [prep] : for (to benefit / in exchange for) {IX}
dima [n] : district {§15}
dina [n] : part, piece, branch {§15,IX}
dine [n] : division {§16}
diri [n] : day (period of 24 hours) {§16,20}
dirilen <N> [n] : diary {SU}
dite [n] : finger {IX}
diu [adv] : separately {§30}
divi [n] : particularity {§16}


dia [sfx] : room (in a building), compartment {§15,IX}
bendia <N> [n] : bathroom (including a bathtub or shower) {o8}
bidia [n] : restroom {VII}
engidia [n] : single room (room for one)
gelendia [n] : library (a reading room in one's house) {IX}
kipadia <N> [n] : kitchen
padia <N> [n] : dining room
sucandia [n] : restroom, WC (water closet) {VII}


@ din [radical-n] : party, sect, creed {VIII}
din [n] : party (political) {§21}
din [n] belief, religion {IX}
> kaisadin : political party


@ do [radical-n] : two, both, bi- {VIII}
do [num] : two
do di : two parts {§19}
dodici [num] : twelve {§19}
dodicigi [n] : party of twelve {§19}
dodicina [n] : dozen {§19}
dogi [n] : pair
dogio [adj] : double {§19}
dona [n] : pair of ...
doyedi [num] : twenty {§19}
doyedina [n] : score (twenty units of ...) {§19}
doyedixi [num] : twenty-six {§19}
doyo [adj] : second (ordinal) {§19}
doyodi [n] : Tuesday {§20}
doyu [adv] : secondly {§19}


@ don [radical-v] : give, grant, issue {VIII}
don [v] : give
donxa [n] : tip, pourboire, gratuity {§17}
> kidon : offer
undon [v] : present {VII}
xadonni [adj] : favored {VII}


@ du [radical-n] : wood, nut, hard {VIII}
du <N> [n] : wood
dubi [n] : stick {IX}
ducan [n] : crate, case (large wooden crate) {VII}
duiku [n] : board {IX}
dulo [n] : door {IX}
duma [n] : wood(s) {IX}
dumo [n] : nut (of tree) {IX}
duna [n] : stick {IX}
dure [n] : tree {IX}
durevohuda [n] : moaning of the wind in the trees {§5}
* as suffix often denotes things that were made of wood in Searight's time
> ledu : pencil
> lemadu : writing table
> mindu : door
> tendu : shelf


@ dun [radical-n] : horn, shell, crust {VIII}
dun [n] : horn (of animal) {IX}
ditedun <N> [n] : fingernail


dy : 'd' (the name of this letter of the alphabet) {§8}


@ e: many, frequent, plural {VIII}


e [pfx] : (forms comparatives and superlatives) {§22}
eta : more, greater {§22}
en eta : most {§22}
eko : less {§22}
en eko : least {§22}
en ekoya : smallest {§22}
eyaka : taller {§22}


e [pfx] : (indicates frequency) {VIII}
eyen [adv] : once {§19}
eyenna [adv] : once (= eyen) {§19}
edo [adv] : twice, times -- two times {§19}
etin [adv] : three times, times -- three times {§19}
eu [adv] : again {§30}


e [pfx] : many {VIII}
e ci : as many as, many -- as many as {§23,30}
eri [adv] : often, frequent, repeatedly {§18,30,IX}
ekora [n] : boy -- many boys {§18}
emen : number<?> {IX}
emenna [n] : number<?> {IX}


e [sfx] : (indicates plural - used only when necessary) {§18}
> koraye : boys {§18}


* another group of e- words, mostly interjections
eha [!] : encore! {§27}
ekasi [!] : lead on! {§27}
eru [!] : go on! {§27,page_114}
eua [conj] : now (indicating different viewpoint or slight change of topic)
^ eua, zaxiodi to suki. "Now, last Sunday was wet." {VII}
eui [!] : rather!, certainly (indicating intense agreement) {§27}
euke [!] : try again! {§27}


edi [sfx] : tenfold, multiplied by 10 {§19}
> doyedi : twenty
> tinyedi : thirty
> cayedi : forty
> penyedi : fifty
> xiedi : sixty
> zunyedi : seventy


en [pcl] : the (emphatic definite article) {§13}
en [pron] : it, its {VIII}
enye [pron] : their (neut.), them (neut.), their (neut.) {§23}


en [pfx] : one (contraction of "enna")
endici [num] : eleven {§19}
engediko [num] : one and a half {§19}
engina [n] : unit, singleton {§19}
engio [adj] : single {§19}
engiu [adv] : separately {§30}
enyo [adj] : first (ordinal) {§19,IX}
enyodi [n] : Monday {§20}
enyu [adv] : firstly {§19,30}


ena [adj] : every, each {§18,23,IX}
ena diri : every day {§20}
ena xi diri : every six days {§20}
ena xio diri : every sixth day {§20}


enna [num] : one, single -- a single one {§13}
enna ori : 01:00, one o'clock in the morning {§4}
ennadici [num] : eleven (= endici) {§19}


enu [adj] : every other {§23}
enu diri : every other day {§20}
poyenu [adv] : alternately (taking turns) {§30}


@ fa [radical-n] : chance, luck, risk, perhaps {VIII}
fa [n] : luck, chance (happenstance) {RA}
^ "xafatu" {§27}
fa [pcl] : (indicates possibility: fa to ru = might have gone) {§34}
faba [v] : surprise {IX}
fabada [n] : surprise {IX}
fada [n] : event {IX}
fake [!] : well! {§27}
falio [adj] : possible {IX}
faliu [adv] : possibly {§30}
fane [n] : chance {IX}
^ does this mean opportunity or randomicity?
fazi [adv] : perhaps {§30}


@ fan [radical-n] : fancy, myth, fiction, pretend {VIII}
^ add "assume"
fan [n] : fiction {IX}
fanru <N> [v] : pretend
fanto <N> [!] : Once upon a time... (indicates start of fairy-tale)
fanvasini [adj] : fairy-faced {§21}
> lafan : story
> mefan : idea
> safan : theory


@ fe [radical-n] : false, cheat, trap, spurious {VIII}
fe [adj] : false {IX}
fekada [n] : trick {IX}
feyo [adj] : bad (spurious) {IX}


@ fen [radical-n] : defect, fault, wrong {VIII}
fen [n] : error {IX}
fen [adj] : improper, wrong (contrary to rules) {VII}
fen ua [!] : wrong -- you are wrong. {§27}
fenko [n] : slip (= small blunder?) {IX}
fenmi [!] : excuse me!, pardon me! {§27,page_113}
fenyo [adj] : wrong (erroneous), incorrect {IX}


@ fi [radical-v] : fail, miss, slip, hardly {VIII}
fi [adv] : hardly, scarcely {§30}
fime [v] : forget {VII}
fimeyen [!] : forget it! {§27}
fiua [adv] : in vain {§30}
fiui [adv] : merely, only just {§30}

fi [sfx] : (shows failure / incompetence cf. E-o prefixes mis- and fush-) {§30}
> isafi : amateur (unskilled)
> nefi : lose (to unwantedly cease having)
> sufi : dribble


@ fin [radical-n] : feeble, weak, faint {VIII}
^ maybe add "fading out" or "extinguishing"?
fin [adj] : weak, faint, attenuated {IX}
finyuri [n] : winter {§20,IX}
gafinyo [adj] : delicate {IX}
> irofin : sunset



@ fo [radical-v] : fear, alarm, danger {VIII}
fo [v] : fear (be afraid of) {RA}
foga <N> [n] : adrenal gland
fogasu <N> [n] : adrenaline
foli [adj] : risky, dangerous (risky)
foline [n] : danger {IX}
foyale [n] : alarm (indication of danger)


@ fon [radical-n] : loud, noise, roar {VIII}
fon [adj] : loud {IX}
fonda [n] : noise {IX}
> hufon : thunder {IX}


@ fu [radical-p] : out, exterior, foreign {VIII}
fu [n] : exterior {§5}
fu [adj] : external {§5}
fu [prep] : out of {§5}
fu [adv] : out (outward) {§5}
^ kan fu, fu kan, ru fu ~ page 20-21
fuga [n] : skin {IX}
fugana [n] : leather {IX}
fuiku [n] : terrace {IX}
fula [v] : declare {VII}
fuli [adv] : outwards {§32}
fulo <N> [n] : exit (spot where one exits) {o8}
furu [v] : exit, venture out, go out {VII}
fusi [!] : get out! {§27}
fuzo [n] : gun {IX}
fuyu [adv] : externally {§30}
afu [adv] : outside (located outdoors etc)
efu [adv] : besides ("extra to" -KS) {§30}
efuyu [adv] : exceptionally {§30}


@ fun [radical-n] : odd, strange, peculiar {VIII}
funyo [adj] : odd, strange, peculiar, unusual {IX}


fy : 'f' (the name of this letter of the alphabet) {§8}


@ ga [radical-n] : physical, organic {VIII}
^ mostly used in naming body-parts
gabi [n] : organ (of the body) {§15}
gacan [n] : chest {IX}
gace [n] : muscular system of the body {§15}
gadio [adj] : physical {IX}
gala [n] : voice {IX}
game [n] : mind {IX}
gapanyo [adj] : fat {IX}
gapo [n] : coat {IX}
garo [adj] : pink color {§22}
gase [n] : eye {§15,IX}
gasen [n] : sense (of taste touch sight etc?) {IX}
gasere : view {IX}
gasin [n] : frame {IX}
gatan [n] : body {IX}
gayaka [adj] : tall (of a person's height) {IX}

* some examples of KS using 'ga' as a suffix in body-related concepts:
> cega : sinew
> fuga : skin
> huga : breath
> iraga : muscle
> itega : ear
> kinga : root
> laga : tongue
> tega : arm


@ gan [radical-n] : matter, substance {VIII}
^ SonaUiki: "implies 'stuff' that does or receives an action"
gan [n] : material, substance {IX}
> imagan : property
> pagan : food
> pogan : clothing, dress
> rogan : paint
> sangan : medicine (medication)


@ ge [radical-p] : and, join, chain, link {VIII}
ge [conj] : and {IX}
ge [adv] : also {§30}
gehin [conj] : and then {§30}
gena [n] : joint {IX}
gene [n] : connection (connectedness) {IX}
geni po : connected with, associated with {VII}
geru [v] : join (become part of) {IX}
geu <N> [adv] : also, additionally
geua [conj] : and now<?>, as well as {§30}
geui [conj] : and yet {§30}

* as prefix indicating series of objects arranged into one thing
gelen [n] : book {IX}
geren [n] : chain {IX}

* as prefix indicating relationship by marriage
gekira [n] : bridegroom {§14}
gekizan [n] : bride {§14}
gepara [n] : father-in-law {§14}
gera [n] : husband {§14}
geranin [n] : son-in-law {§14}
gerazan [n] : husband and wife, couple (married) {§14}
gesini [adj] : married {IX}
geuma [n] : mother-in-law {§14}
gezan [n] : wife {§14}
gezannin [n] : daughter-in-law {§14}

* as suffix
> pange : altogether
> ulage : chorus


@ gen [radical-n] : compound, mix, blend {VIII}
^ SU says 'gen' implies benefical blending vs 'igi' implying harmful scrambling
gen : mixture, blend, compound (of several substances)
genni : mixed {IX}
> hagen : chemical


@ gi [radical-n] : collect, gather, group {VIII}
giada : company (a business enterprise), firm (a company)
gidi : group {IX}
gina : group, band (group of) {IX}
gisoci : society {IX}
gisone : company {IX}
giuma : nation {IX}

gi [pfx] : (sometimes like ge- in German 'Gebrüder Grimm') {§18}
^ no examples of usage in Book; hard to explain to non-German-speakers; in
^   English we perform this function with word order rather than a prefix,
^   such as when we say "the brothers Grimm" or "the sisters Brontë"

gi [sfx] : (forms a collective noun; sometimes like Esperanto -aro)
> hadagi : committee
> imagi : goods, wares
> melangi : band, orchestra
> pigi : flock of birds
> dogi : pair
> tingi : trio


@ gin [radical-n] : texture, weave, net, web {VIII}
^ add "fabric"
ginbi [n] : net {IX}
ginca [n] : sheets (on a bed) {VII}
ginda [n] : stitch {IX}
ginna [n] : knot {IX}
ginte [n] : needle {IX}
> berogin : cotton
> panyummagin : world wide web, internet
> pegin : sock
> rengin : canvas
> xingin : silk
> soginyo : complex, interwoven


gio [sfx] : (creates multiplicative adjectives) {§19}
> engio : single
> dogio : double
> tingio : treble (threefold), triple


@ go [radical-n] : circle, wind, round, roll {VIII}
ayego [adv] : around (located in surround position(s)) {§30}
goli [adv] : around (moving into a surrounding position) {§30}
goliu [adv] : circuitously {§30}
gona [n] : circle {IX}
gonu [v] : turn<?> (as in "turn over" or "roll over") {IX}
^ based on meanings of gonusi
gonusi [!] : turn over!, roll over! {§27}
goru [v] : turn, rotate {RA}
goru en [!] : turn it around! {§27}
gosi [!] : turn around! {§27}
goxa [n] : ring (for one's finger) {IX}
goyo [adj] : circular, round {IX}
> lango : record (phonograph)
> rugo : wheel


@ gon [radical-n] : ball, sphere, round {VIII}
gon [n] : sphere, ball
gonyo [adj] : round, spherical {IX} 
lugon <N> [n] : ball (for use in games)
rugonda [n] : roll (a rolling movement) {IX}


@ gu [radical-n] : mouth, gap, gulf, gulp {VIII}
gufu [v] : cough {IX}
gula [n] : throat {IX}
> pagu : mouth


@ gun [radical-n] : angle, corner, fork {VIII}
gun [n] : angle, corner {IX}
gundi [n] : branch, fork (place where X branches off) {IX}
> cagun : square
> pegun : knee


gy : 'g' (the name of this letter of the alphabet) {§8}


h [abbr] : (abbreviation of "hara") {§14}


@ ha [radical-n] : name, call, address, O! {VIII}
ha [!] : Oh ...! (vocative exclamation) {RA}

* as a prefix indicates primary form of something or headword of a category
haco [n] : insect {IX}
hagen [n] : chemical {IX}
haida [n] : state (government) {§21}
hairo [n] : sun {IX}
hairoyo [adj] : solar {RA}
hairoiro <N> : sunlight
haissa [n] : science {IX}
hama [n] : locality, local {§13,21}
hamen [n] : moon {IX}
hamenyo [adj] : lunar {RA}
haruba<?> : war ("haruba" might be a garble of "habaru") {IX}
hatazu [n] : elephant {§13}
hayagadi [n] : continent {RA}
hayagadio [adj] : continental {VII}

* refers to naming, calling or identifying people and things:
hala [v] : call (someone), cry out {IX}
halana <N> [n] : name {ha+lana}
halani [n] : cry (as in "an eagle's cry") {IX}
hani [adj] : named, known as (named) {IX}
hasa [v] : know (be acquainted with someone) {SU}

* converts a common noun to a proper noun naming special/personified thing
haisobi <N> [n] : Libra (sign of the zodiac)
haraibo <N> [n] : Taurus (sign of the zodiac)
hari [n] : Kronos, Time (personified) {§13}
hasubaci <N> [n] : Aquarius (sign of the zodiac)
hasun <N> [n] : Pisces (sign of the zodiac)
hataran <N> [n] : Emperor (Tarot card)
hataxe <N> [n] : Tiger (sign of the Chinese zodiac)
* hapi : Harpy<?> {13}

* creates titles (i.e. forms of address):
hara : Mr., Mister, sir {§13,14,IX}
haranin : Master (young sir) {§14}
hazan : Mrs, madam {§14,IX}
hazannin : Miss {§14}

* as a verb suffix, creates one form of the imperative:
> ruha : go (away)!

* creates interjections:
ha nu [!] : now then. {§27}
haua [!] : behold!, there you are!, voila!, here you go, jen! (E-o) {§27}
> eha : encore!
> juha : hurrah!, hooray!
> xabaha : well done!
> zeha : curses!

* other:
baha : bang!
hadagi [n] : committee {IX}
hakacoda [n] : assassination {VII}
hakaidaleci [n] : Secretary of State {VII}


@ han [radical-n] : title, honour, noble {VIII}
han [n] : honor (as in "mi han da" - I have the honor to ...) {VII}


@ he [radical-n] : any, general, public {VIII}
he [adj] : any (whichever) {RA}
heji [pron] : anyone, anybody {RA}
kejihe [pron] : whoever?, who on earth? {VII}
hedi [adj] : civil {§21}
hegi [n] : public {IX}
hegio [adj] : public, common (shared by all), general (shared) {IX}
heibia [n] : market (public trading-place) {IX}
heida [n] : civilization {§21}
heisili : shared by one another (e.g. "unayo lasin heisili")
hele [n] : prose {IX}
hepaya [n] : restaurant {IX}
hepi [n] : fowl {IX}
heri [adv] : ever (at any time) {IX}
heua [adv] : generally {§30}
heve [n] : grass {IX}
heyasi : such and such {§30}
hezio [adj] : simple<?> {IX}


@ hen [radical-n] : common, vulgar, cheap {VIII}
henyo [adj] : common (vulgar or low-quality), crappy, shoddy {IX}
^ the word "common" has different overtones in the UK vs the US
agahenyo [adj] : mundane, ordinary, dime-a-dozen, run-of-the-mill


@ hi [radical-n] : class, category {VIII}
hiada [n] : industry {IX}
hiba <N> [v] : classify, categorize
hidi : order (class), sort {IX}
hisatori<?> : history {IX}
hivi [n] : sort, kind (sort/type/class of...) {IX}
^ compare 'kevi'


@ hin [radical-p] : after, follow, sequence {VIII}
hin [conj] : after {§30}
hin [v] : follow
^ this verbal use is demonstrated in 'hinmi' {§27}
hinli [adv] : afterwards, thereafter, subsequently {§30}
hinmi [!] : follow me! {§27}
hindiri [n] : following day, next day, subsequent day {§20}
hinkari [n] : afternoon {§20}
hinne [n] : effect {IX}
hin ua [conj] : therefore {§28}
^ the space between hin and ua in the Book is probably a typo; not certain.
hinyi [conj] : therefore {§30}
hinyu [adv] : following (coming afterwards?) {§30}
ahin [prep] : in the wake of, subsequent to {§30}


@ ho [radical-n] : special, define {VIII}
hojio [adj] : special, unique (peculiar to one entity)
homa [n] : home {§35}
hori [n] : hour {§20,IX}
horigediko [n] : hour and a half {§20}


@ hon [radical-n] : genuine, honest, rely {VIII}
^ might overlap 'aso' somewhat
^ no usage/discussion in Book ~ reserve for possible repurposing?


hn [abbr] : (abbreviation of "haranin") {§14}


@ hu [radical-n] : air, breath, wind, weather {VIII}
hu [n] : air {IX}
huba [v] : blow {IX}
huca [n] : sail {IX}
hucada [n] : sail {IX}
hudi [n] : sky {IX}
hufon [n] : thunder {IX}
huga [n] : breath {IX}
* huissu [n] : snow {IX}
huka [v] : smoke (a cigarette etc) {IX}
hukada [n] : smoking {VII}
hukate [n] : pipe (for smoking) {IX}
hukave [n] : tobacco {IX}
huki : breath<?> {IX}
^ difference between 'huga' 'huki' hard to discern; 'huki' meant to be a verb?
hula [n] : whistle {IX}
huri [n] : weather {IX}
huro [adj] : azure, sky blue {§22,IX}
husu [n] : rain {IX}
huvan [n] : cloud {IX}, fog {VII}
huzo [n] : heat (high air temperature) {IX}
bahu [n] : wind {IX}
> puhu : fart


@ hun [radical-n] : gas, vapour, vapor, melt {VIII}
hun [n] : gas {IX}
irohun <N> [n] : neon
suhun <N> [n] : water vapor
upihun <N> [n] : helium
zinhun <N> [n] : oxygen


hy : 'h' (the name of this letter of the alphabet) {§8}


hz [abbr] : (abbreviation of "hazan") {§14}
hzn [abbr] : (abbreviation of "hazannin") {§14}


i [sfx] : (forms gerund - while doing X; when doing X) {VIII}
^ "tekai mi kapo mi ruto fu." "tu minrui cenba dulo." {VII}


i [sfx] : (indicates "male resident" of a country) {§12,14}
> Angli : Englishman


ia [sfx] : (denotes name of a country) {§15}
> Fransia : France
> Irania  : Persia, Iran


@ iba [radical-n] : stubborn, persistent, try {VIII}
^ no usage/discussion in Book


@ ibe [radical-v] : spend, waste, drain {VIII}
ibeda [n] : waste (misuse?) {IX}


@ ibi [radical-n] : trade, commerce {VIII}
ibida [n] : trade (commerce) {IX}
ibidayo [adj] : commercial (business-related) {RA}
inyibi [v] : buy {§24}
inyibida [n] : purchase {RA}
unyibi [v] : sell {§24}
unyibida [n] : sale (an act of selling) {RA}
> heibia : market (public trading-place)


@ ibo [radical-n] : cattle, buffalo {VIII}
ibo [n] : cattle
ibbo (ibo+bo) [n] : beef {IX}
ibogi <N> : herd of cattle {SU}
suibo <N> : water buffalo
raibo [n] : bull {RA}
zanyibo [n] : cow {IX}


@ ibu [radical-n] : choice, pick, critic {VIII}
ibu [v] : choose, select, opt, pick (select an item) {RA}
ibuda [n] : selection (act of selecting) {IX}
ibugi [n] : selection (things selected) {IX}
ibuki en [!] : try it (sample some of it)! {§27}


@ ida [radical-v] : direct, office, minister {VIII}
idadi [n] : department {VII}
idakaci [n] : manager {IX}
idaya [n] : office (place) {IX}


@ ide [radical-n] : notch, dent, crack {VIII}
* ide [!] : crack! {§27}
ide [n] : crack {IX}


@ idi [radical-v] : scatter, sow, spray {VIII}
idi [v] : scatter, spread (strew), broadcast {RA}
idiba [v] : scatter (violently)
aidi [adv] : apart, in pieces {§20}
idili [adv] : apart, in pieces {RA}
suidi <N> [v] : spray


@ ido [radical-v] : advise, prompt, urge {VIII}
ido [v] : advise, prompt, urge {RA}
idoni [n] : advice {RA}


@ idu [radical-n] : brittle, snap, rotten {VIII}
idujen [n] : zinc {IX}


@ iga [radical-n] : salt, alkali, soda {VIII}
iga [n] : salt {IX}
igayo [adj] : saline {RA}


@ ige [radical-v] : cohere, stick, cling {VIII}
ige [v] : stick (to), cling (to)
igeven [n] : paste {IX}
^ -ven??
igegan <N> [n] : paste (adhesive), glue (paste)
igevio [n] : sticky <misprinted in the Book as 'ugevio'> {IX}


@ igi [radical-v] : mix, confuse, puzzle {VIII}
^ probably indicates unhelpful mixing as opposed to 'gen' = helpful mixing
igika [v] : confuse, mix up, scramble {RA}
igine [n] : confusion (state of being confused or puzzled) {RA}


@ igo [radical-n] : convex, round, cheek {VIII}
igoyo [adj] : convex, round (convex) {IX}
zaigo <N> [n] : buttock(s)


@ igu [radical-n] : cone, horn, wedge {VIII}
igu [n] : cone-shaped thing, funnel-shaped thing {RA}


@ ika [radical-n] : point, sharp, prick, just {VIII}
ika [n] : point (sharp spot) {IX}
ika [v] : sting {VII}
ika [adv] : just (exactly) {§30}
ika [!] : exactly!, just so! {§27}
ikari [adv] : just (at the moment) {§30}
ikate [n] : nail (fastener) {IX}
ikaui : only just {§30}
ikayasi : just like, precisely as {§30}
ikayo [adj] : sharp {IX}
> baika : bayonet
> ceika : pin
> itoika : end (goal), point (purpose)
poika : point -- on the point of {§30}


@ ike [radical-v] : suggest, guess, hint, suppose {VIII}
ike [v] : suggest, hint {RA}
ikeni [n] : suggestion {IX}


@ iki [radical-n] : sudden, shock, flash {VIII}
iki [!] : quick! {§27}
ikiba <N> [v] : shock, startle
ikibani [n] : shock {IX}
ikio [n] : sudden, quick {IX}
ikiri [adv] : at once, instantly {§30}


@ iko [radical-n] : narrow, thin, squeeze {VIII}
iko [adj] : narrow {IX}
ikoce [n] : collar {IX}
ikoga [n] : neck {IX}
peiko <N> [n] : ankle
teiko <N> [n] : wrist


@ iku [radical-n] : flat, level, horizon {VIII}
iku [adj] : flat {IX}
ikuca [n] : plate {IX}
ikucin [n] : floor, plane {IX}
ikugo <N> [n] : horizon
ikuna [n] : floor {IX}
ikuxin [n] : plate (for dining) {IX}
ikuyu [adv] : evenly {§30}
ikuzobin <N> [n] : pan (for cooking/frying)


@ ila [radical-n] : bell, ring, jangle {VIII}
ila [n] : bell {IX}
ilaba [v] : ring {VII,IX}
illan (ila+lan) [n] : ringing, tolling (of bells) {IX}


@ ile [radical-n] : trace, mark, print {VIII}
ile [n] : mark {IX}
ilebi [n] : stamp (tool that stamps) {IX}
ileko [n] : stamp (postage) {IX}
ilena [n] : stamp (e.g. mark made by a rubber-stamp) {IX}
ille (ile+le) [v] : print {IX}


@ ili [radical-p] : near, about, approximate {VIII}
ili [prep] : approximately, about (approximately), near {§30,IX}
* ili dirina : (= ili enna diri) {§20}
ili enna diri : about a day {§20}
ili xi : about six {§20}
ilia [adv] : nearby {§30}
ilivari [adv] : soon {§30}
ilizari [adv] : recently {§30}
illi (ili+li) [adv] : almost, nearly {IX}


@ ilo [radical-n] : loose, hang, relax {VIII}
ilo [adj] : loose {IX}
ilocio [adj] : hanging {IX}


@ ilu [radical-n] : jest, laugh, merry {VIII}
ilu [v] : laugh {IX}
iluba [v] : mock, ridicule, laugh at {RA}
iluda [n] : laugh {IX}
ilukida [n] : smile {IX}


@ ima [radical-v] : have, belong, get {VIII}
ima [v] : have {IX}
ima di [!] : take some! {§27}
imagan [n] : property {IX}
imagi [n] : goods, wares {IX}
imaji [n] : owner {IX}
imaka [v] : get (acquire), obtain {IX}


@ ime [radical-n] : belief, opinion, convince {VIII}
ime [v] : believe, hope {VII}
^ "mi ime inri tu sen esanyo." "imei ua rukanina va aritu ceu..."
imene [n] : belief {IX}


@ imi [radical-p] : among, between, hiatus {VIII}
imi [prep] : among, between {§30}
imide [prep] : between {IX}
imigiumadio<?> [adj] : international {VII}
imiri [adv] : meanwhile {§30}
aimi [adv] : amid, midst -- in the midst of {§30}


@ imo [radical-v] : suck, pump, digest {VIII}
imove [n] : sponge {IX}
> paimoda : digestion


@ imu [radical-n] : smooth, mild, gentle {VIII}
imusenyo [adj] : delicate {IX}
imuxinyo [adj] : smooth {IX}
imuyo <N> [adj] : gentle, mild


@ in [particle] : this, latter {VIII}
^ add "current/most recent"
in [pron/adj] : this (e.g. "in ne un aka" "su in velo") {VII}
inye [pron/adj] : these {§23}
in [pron/adj] : latter (most recently mentioned)
indan [n] : credit (inward flow of funds cf. 'undan') {IX}
indi [adv] : side -- on this side {§30}
indiri [adv] : today {§20}
indirie [adv] : nowadays, currently (these days) {§30}
indiua [adv] : hand -- on the one hand... {§30}
infusi [!] : come out! {§27}
inkiuri [adv] : this spring {§20}
inkori [adv] : directly (of time) {§30}
inli [!] : this way! {§27}
inli [adv] : hither, here -- to this place {§30}
inno [v] : bring (toward the person speaking) {§24}
innusi [!] : come back! {§27}
inri [adv] : now {§30,IX}
inridi [adv] : this week {§20}
inru [v] : come {IX,§24}
insa [v] : learn {RA}
insada [n] : learning {IX}
inse [!] : look here! {§27}
insi [!] : come here! {§27}
inta [adj] : this much (this amount) {§30}
inte [v] : receive {VII}
inteda [n] : receipt (act of receiving) {IX}
intelen [n] : receipt (document) {IX}
invandi [adv] : tonight {§20}
inya [adv] : here (located at this place) {§30,IX}
inyarili [adv] : yet (until now) {§30}
inyu [adv] : thus (in this way), so (in this manner) {§30}


@ ina [radical-v] : cancel, destroy, wipe {VIII}
ina [v] : destroy, abolish {RA}
inada [n] : destruction {IX}


@ ine [radical-v] : sleep, latent, numb {VIII}
ine [n] : sleep {IX}
inefan <N> : dream
ineru [v] : sleep {IX}


@ ini [radical-n] : quiet, peace, soothe {VIII}
ini [n] : peace {IX}
ini [!] : quietly! {§27}
inine [n] : quiet {IX}
inio [adj] : quiet {IX}
inisi [!] : be quiet!, shut up! {§27}
einisi [!] : quiet -- keep quiet! {§27}


@ ino [radical-n] : new, mend, convert {VIII}
ino [adj] : new {IX}
inolana <N> : neologism (new word)
inotori : New Year {VII}


@ inu [radical-n] : other, vary, differ {VIII} 
inu : else {§30}
inu [pron/adj] : another, other (the other) {VII}
inua [adv] : elsewhere {§30}
inudio [adj] : different {IX}
poinu [adv]: otherwise {§30}


@ ipa [radical-n] : enough, suffice, comfort {VIII}
ipa [adj] : enough, sufficient {IX}
ipana [pron] : enough (of)
ipaxa [n] : comfort {IX}


@ ipe [radical-n] : reptile, sinuous, crawl {VIII}
ipe [n] : snake {IX}
ipeko [n] : worm {IX}


@ ipi [radical-n] : insect, vermin {VIII}
^ no usage/discussion in Book


@ ipo [radical-n] : overlay, veneer, coat {VIII}
^ no usage/discussion in Book ~ reserve for possible repurposing?


@ ipu [radical-n] : disgust, loathe, shame {VIII}
^ see also 'apu'
ipuda [n] : shame {IX}


@ ira [radical-n] : strength, fort, muscle {VIII}
ba ira : by force {§32}
iraga [n] : muscle {IX}
irajen [n] : iron (the metal) {IX}
irakan <N> [n] : fort (fortress)
irau [adv] : strongly {§32}
iraxin [n] : steel {IX}
irayo [adj] : strong {IX}


@ ire [radical-p] : again, recur, continue {VIII}
^ "xadonni so ire kalani" = favored with further orders {VII}
ire [adj] : further (continuing), recurring {VII,IX}
ire [adv] : again {VII}
ire [adv] : on (as in "keep on going" / "on and on") {IX}
ireli [adv] : further (for additional instances) {§30}
iresi [!] : keep on!, continue! {§27}
iresi [v] : return ("rutocie nari iresi" {VII})
ireu [adv] : repeatedly {§30}
ireua : moreover, besides (moreover) {§30}
aireseda [!] : goodbye, see you later {§27}
naire [!] : never again! {§27}

ire [sfx] : (indicates continuative verb aspect) {§36}
ruire [v] : keep on going {§36}
suire [v] : keep on raining {§36}


@ iri [radical-n] : recoil, react, spring {VIII}
iri [v] : react, respond
irida [n] : reaction {IX}
irila [v] : answer, reply {VII,IX}
irilan <N> [n] : echo
irilani [n] : answer {IX}
iriru <N> [v] : bounce
irisebi <N> [n] : mirror


@ iro [radical-n] : light, shine, lamp {VIII}
iro [n] : light (visible energy) {IX}
irobi <N> [n] : lamp
irodi [n] : day (the daylight hours) {§20}
irofin [n] : sunset {§20}
irofu <N> [v] : shine
irokan<?> [n] : camera (perhaps 'irocan' was intended?) {IX}
iroki [n] : dawn {§20}
irokixa <N> [n] : morning glory (flower)
irolen <N> [n] : photograph
irolenbi <N> [n] : camera
iropanyo [adj] : bright {IX}
irore [n] : ray (of light) {IX}
irovandi [adv] : day and night {§20}
irovanyisodi <N> [n] : equinox {SR}
irovuda<?> [n] : dawn {§21}


@ iru [radical-v] : vibrate, shake, thrill {VIII}
iru [v] : shake, vibrate {RA}
iruda [n] : shake {IX}


@ isa [radical-n] : skill, talent, craft, art {VIII}
isa [n] : skill, talent {RA}
isafi [adj] : amateur (unskilled)
isavi [n] : art (skill) {IX}
isayo [adj] : expert {IX}
issa (isa+sa) [n] : science {IX}


@ ise [radical-v] : find, perceive, solve {VIII}
ise [v] : find, discover {RA}
iseda [n] : discovery {IX}


@ isi [radical-n] : mutual, exchange, one another {VIII}
isi [pron] : each other (reciprocal pronoun), one another (reciprocal pronoun)
isidio [adj] : common (shared) {IX}
isilada [n] : argument {IX}
isinu [v] : exchange {IX}
isio <N> [adj] : mutual
isiua [adv] : respectively {§30}
abuisi [v] : love one another {§23}
heisili [adj] : common to them, shared by all of them {VII}


@ iso [radical-n] : equal, even, balance {VIII}
iso [adj] : equal {IX}
isobi <N> [n] : balance (old fashioned scale)
isodire [n] : parallel {IX}
isone [n] : balance (state of being balanced) {IX}
iso po : level with (on the same level as), even with (on the same level) {§30}
isoriu [adv] : simultaneously {§30}
isoua [adv] : all the same {§30}
isoyu [adv] : equally {§30}


@ isu [radical-n] : cold, chill, frigid, keen {VIII}
isu [adj] : cold {IX}
isucon [n] : snow {IX}
isuje [n] : ice {IX}
isuyudeci [n] : icebreaker {VII}


@ ita [radical-v] : fill, charge, thorough {VIII}
ita [adv] : quite {§30,IX}
ita [v] : fill {§2}
itaui [!] : quite so {§30}
itani [adj] : full {IX}


@ ite [radical-n] : leaf, flap, blade, tongue (of shoe) {VIII}
ite [n] : blade, flap {§2,IX}
itega [n] : ear {IX}
veite <N> [n] : leaf


@ iti [radical-n] : plan, object, intend {VIII}
iti [v] : intend
itilen <N> [n] : plan (written)
itini [n] : intention (what one plans to do)
itisini [n] : attempt {IX}
itiu [adv] : purposely, deliberately, intentionally {§30}
naitiu [adv] : unintentionally {§30}


@ ito [radical-n] : end, final, expire {VIII}
ito [n] : end (final part), termination {§2,IX}
itoika [n] : end (goal), point (purpose of an endeavor) {IX}
itone [n] : death {IX}
itoni [adj] : dead {IX} 
itoriu [adv] : eventually {§30}
itoyo [adj] : last, final {IX}
poito [adv] : ultimately {§30}


@ itu [radical-n] : cube, block, dice {VIII}
itu [n] : block (squarish piece of any material) {RA}
> agaitu : brick


@ iza [radical-n] : pause, hover, hesitate {VIII}
iza [v] : pause {RA}
izafi <N> [v] : hesitate


@ ize [radical-n] : clumsy, stupid, blunder {VIII}
izeji <N> [n] : dolt, klutz, blockhead
izeyo <N> [adj] : clumsy, stupid


@ izi [radical-n] : ease, simple, light {VIII}
^ 'izi' for "easy", LOL
izio <N> [adj] : easy


@ izo [radical-n] : pain, hurt, ache {VIII}
izo [n] : pain, hurt, ache {IX}


@ izu [radical-n] : rough, crude, raw {VIII}
izuvio [adj] : rough {IX}


@ ja [radical-v] : rub, scratch, jerk, rough {VIII}
ja [!] : bother!, crap! {§27}
jabi [n] : brush {IX}
jada [n] : rub {IX}
jakine [n] : trouble {IX}
jasenyo [adj] : rough {IX}


@ jan [radical-v] : gnaw, grind, chew, rodent {VIII}
jan [n] : rat {IX}


@ je [radical-n] : stone, hard, stiff, stern {VIII}
jebenni [adj] : bright {IX}
jebero [n] : chalk {IX}
jeigegan <N> [n] : mortar (adhesive for bricks)
jeilo [n] : jelly {IX}
jelen [n] : card {IX}
jelio [adj] : hard (especially difficult), difficult (hard to do/resolve) {VII}
jema [n] : mine (where minerals are obtained) {IX}
jemuro [adj] : dun color {§22}
jenaro [adj] : slate colored {§22}
jereni [adj] : stiff {IX}
jero [adj] : grey, gray {§22,IX}
jesio [adj] : hard {IX}
jexa [n] : jewel {§17,IX}
jeyo [adj] : stern {§4}
jezi [v] : stern -- to be stern {§4}
> zoje : coal


@ jen [radical-n] : metal, courage, coin {VIII}
jen [n] : metal
jenko [n] : penny, copper (a low-value coin) {IX}
jenmo [n] : nut (fastener) {IX}


@ ji [radical-n] : person, human, private {VIII}
jibici [n] : personal agent {VII}
jibilen [n] : patent {IX}
jidi [adj] : personal <?>
jidiubizamelen [n] : resume (record of personal services)
jileci [n] : secretary {IX}
jiko [n] : child {§13,23}
jimeni [n] : opinion {IX}
jio [adj] : private, personal {IX}
jisada [n] : experience {IX}


ji [sfx] : person (who has stated quality) cf. Esperanto -ulo  {§14}
> biji : servant
> boji : blood relative
> ciji : someone, somebody
> imaji : owner
> kaji : chieftain
> keji : who?
> soji : friend
> toruji : passenger


@ jin [radical-n] : spirit, soul, ghost, fairy {VIII}
jinzema <N> [n] : hell


@ jo [radical-n] : God, idol, ideal, sacred {VIII}
jocida [n] : evangelism <?> {§16}
jocine [n] : theology {§16}
jocivi [n] : priestcraft {§16}
joha [!] : Oh God! {§27}
jokan [n] : church {IX}
jolatu [!] : God bless you! {§27}
jolitu [!] : God be with you! {§27}
jomi [!] : my God! {§27}
ajo [!] : goodbye {§27}


@ jon [radical-n] : magic, spell, occult {VIII}
jon <N> [n] : magic, sorcery
jonsu <N> [n] : potion, elixir (magical)
jonyo <N> : magical


@ ju [radical-n] : delight, happy, toy, glad {VIII}
ju [adj] : pleasant (e.g. juari), happy
ju [v] : please (give pleasure to) {page 105}
* un ju mi : I like that; that pleases me
ju inotori [!] : happy new year!
juari [!] : welcome! {§27}
juda [n] : pleasure {IX}
juha [!] : hurrah!, hooray! {§27}
juise <N> [v] : like (enjoy), appreciate (like), enjoy
jukiri [!] : good morning! {§27}
juluda [n] : amusement {IX}
juniri [!] : good evening! {§27}
juri [!] : good day! {§27}
juvan [!] : good night! {§27}
juvio [adj] : happy {IX}


@ jun [radical-n] : young, fresh, junior {VIII}
jun [adj] : young (e.g. "zii jun mi akasi ki" VII)
junyo [adj] : young {IX}


jy : 'j' (the name of this letter of the alphabet) {§8}


@ ka [radical-v] : lead, cause, chief {VIII}
ka [v] : lead {§4}
kaba [v] : urge {§32}
kaca [n] : province {§15}
kaci [n] : leader, guide {§14}
dakaci [n] : conductor (on a train) {VII}
kada [n] : leading {§16}
kadi [n] : head {IX}
kafoci [n] : terrorist {VII}
kaida [n] : government {§21,IX}
kaidakacia [n] : government official's office {§21}
kaidora [n] : consul {VII}
kaisadin [n] : political party {§21}
kaisadio [n] : political {IX}
kaji [n] : chieftain {§14}
* kakan : (= kayokan) {§15}
kala [v] : instruct (tell what to do), order (tell to ship merchandise)
kalana [n] : order (command) {IX}
kama [n] : point d'appui (where troops assemble) {§15}
kaman [!] : leave it! {§27}
kaminci [n] : hall porter {VII}
kaminya [n] : hall {VII}
kane [n] : leadership {§16}
kapo [n] : hat {VII,IX}
kara [n] : officer (of the military etc) {§14}
kari [n] : noon {§16,20}
karipa [n] : lunch {VII}
karune [n] : process {IX}
kasida [n] : behaviour {IX}
kauri [n] : summer {§20,IX}
kavan [n] : midnight {§20}
kavi [n] : superiority {§16}
kaya [n] : headquarters {§15}
* kayarien [!] : send for it! {§27}
kayasada [n] : insurance {IX}
kayo [adj] : chief, principle, primary {§4,21}
kayokan [n] : headquarter building, town hall {§15}
kayosakan [n] : university {VII}
kayosama [n] : university {IX}


ka [pfx] : render, make (something happen), (creates a causative verb) {§4}
^ impart quality X or dlivery substance X to Y
kasa [v] : inform {VII}
kasani [n] : news {IX}
kasin [v] : make (give form to?) {IX}
kasu [v] : liquify, liquefy {§33}
kaure [v] : adjust {SU}
kaureda [n] : adjustment (making more correct), correction {IX}
kazi <N> [v] : make (cause to exist), create


ka [sfx] : (creates a transitive verb) {§4}
soka [v] : help (give assistance to)
suka [v] : irrigate, water (give water to)
> aruka : pull
> ruka : send


@ kan [radical-n] : house, build, construct {VIII}
kan [n] : building (a house or any type of structure) {§6,IX}
kanba <N> [v] : construct (a building), build (a house etc)
kanyo [adj] : domestic (house-related) {§22}
akan [prep] : inside (within a building) {§30,IX}


@ ke [radical-p] : what?, query, ask, interrogative {VIII}
ke : what?
ke dai : what are you doing? {§23}
ke na : or not? {§25}
keci [adj] : which? {§25}
keha [!] : what a ...!
keha vo [!] : what a pity!, that's a shame! {§27}
keji : who? {IX}
kela [v] : inquire, ask (a question)
keli [adv] : whither?, where -- to what place? {§23}
kena : what?
keni [n] : question {IX}
keori [adv] : at what time?, when (by clock time)?
keri [adv] : when (in general terms)? {IX}
kesantu : how are you feeling?
kesi [adj] : whose? {§25}
keta [adj] : how much? {§25}
ketori : how old? {§20}
ketoritu : how old are you? {§20}
keu [adv] : how? {IX}
keulana <N> [n] : adverb
keua [adv] : why? {IX}
kevi [adj] : what kind of? {§25}
keya [adv] : where? {IX}
keye [adj] : how many? {§25}


@ ken [radical-p] : if, doubt, suspect, precarious {VIII}
ken X hin Y : if X then Y {§30}
ken [conj] : if, whether {§30,IX}
kenda : doubt {IX}
ken fa : if possible {§30}
ken na : if not {§30}
ken ni : if possible {§30}
kenni [n] : suspect (in a crime) {VII}


@ ki [radical-n] : start, begin, ready, prepare {VIII}
ki [v] : begin, prepare
kila mi [!] : wake me! {§27}
tu kizi [!] : you are early {§27}
kidon [v] : offer {IX}
kili [n/adj] : east {IX}
kimo [n] : seed {IX}
kini [adj] : ready, prepared {IX}
kio [adj] : early {IX}
kipa [v] : cook (prepare food) {IX}
kipaci [n] : cook {IX}
kira [n] : youth (young man) {§14}
kiri [n] : morning {§20,IX}
nukiri [n] : morning -- the other morning (a recent morning) {VII}
kiru [v] : get, become {IX}
kiruda : growth, development {IX}
kisa <N> [n] : study {SD}
kisaci <N> [n] : student (of any gender)
kisara [n] : student (male) {VII}
kiua [adj] : already {§30}
kiuri [n] : spring (season) {§20,IX}
kiva [adj] : previous, prior {VII}
kiva [adv] : before (previously) {§30}
kivacilani [adj] : aforementioned, previously mentioned {VII}
kivadirio [adj] : previous day's
kizan [n] : maid(en) {§14}
* kizi [v] : ready -- be ready (an nari kizi = she is never ready) {page 65}
* kizi <N> [v] : become (begin to be), turn into (become)
kizinda [n] : birth {IX}


ki [sfx] : (creates inceptive aspect of verb)
^ in practice Searight almost always used 'ki' as an inceptive >prefix<
> ruki : start (begin to travel)


@ kin [radical-n] : root, origin, cause {VIII}
kin [conj] : because 
^ mi nali ari a karipa kin kiua siadani
kin [n] : cause, reason for, origin {VIII,IX}
kindileni [n] : official letter {VII}
kinga [n] : root {IX}
kinlana <N> : radical (root-word) {SR}
* kinlen [n] : tree {IX}
^ I think kinlen only makes sense if referring to "a family tree"
kinyara [n] : authority (right to command) {IX}
kinyaraji [n] : authority (person) {IX}
pokin [prep] : due to, on account of {§30}


@ ko [radical-n] : small, few, less, child {VIII}
ko [n] : child
ko [adj] : little, small {IX}
^ mi ima cana ko can
ko ci : as little as {§30}
ko ne : less than {§30}
kobin [n] : pot {IX}
kodanyo [adj] : cheap, inexpensive {IX}
kodi [n] : piece, bit {§19,IX}
kojiko [n] : baby {IX}
kokora [n] : small boy {§17}
kokoyo [n] : rather small {§22}
kono : parcel {IX}
kora : boy {§14,IX}
* korakadi : boy -- boy's head {§21}
* korako : boy -- small male child {§17}
* korata : boy -- a well grown boy {§17}
* koraye : boys {§18}
kori [n] : minute (of time) {§20,IX}
koyu [adv] : little {§30}
kozan [n] : girl {§14,IX}

@ ko [pfx] : (as prefix used with numbers indicates decimal point) {§19}
> konatin : .03 (point zero three)

@ ko [pfx] : (as prefix to an adjective indicates small degree) {§19}
kotayo : somewhat big {§22}

@ ko [sfx] : (forms fractions e.g. tincako = 3/4) {§19}

@ ko [sfx] : (as suffix is sometimes diminutive like Esperanto -et-) {§17}
> kojiko : baby
> moko : berry
husuko <N> : sprinkle (light rain)
> suko : drop (of liquid) {IX}
suroko : light blue, pastel blue
mankosi : wait a little bit


@ kon [radical-n] : minute, atom, germ, speck {VIII}
kon : small, tiny {IX}
> konsebi : microscope


@ ku [radical-v] : lie, supine, bed, lay {VIII}
kubi : tray {IX}
kuce : rest {IX}
kuna : bed {IX}
kusi [!] : lie down! {§27}


@ kun [radical-n] : base, seat, sit, set {VIII}
kun : seat {IX}
kundi : base {IX}
kundu <N> [n] : chair
kunluban <N> [n] : baseball
kunsi [!] : sit down! {§27}
kunya : seat {IX}
kunyeli [!] : to your places! (en voiture) {§27}


ky : 'k' (the name of this letter of the alphabet) {§8}

 
@ la [radical-v] : say, tongue, voice {VIII}
la [v] : say, tell {VII,IX}
laba [v] : speak (a language)
labi [n] : lip {IX}
labio [adj] : labial
laci [n] : speaker (person who is speaking) {RA}
lafan [n] : story {IX}
laga [n] : tongue {IX}
laka [v] : tell {VII}
lakada [n] : talk {IX}
lakana [n] : account (story) {IX}
lakani [n] : story {IX}
lana [n] : word {IX}
> inolana : neologism (new word)
> kinlana : radical (root-word)
> lanayapa : vocabulary (supply of words)
larin [n] : poetry {RA}
larindi [n] : verse {IX}
lasin [n] : language {IX}
vala <N> [v] : predict


@ lan [radical-n] : sound, play, music {VIII}
lan [n] : sound {IX}
lango [n] : record (phonograph) {IX}


@ le [radical-v] : write, design, letter {VIII}
le [v] : write {RA}
leda [n] : writing {IX}
ledu [n] : pencil {IX}
lemadu [n] : writing table, desk {VII}
leni [n] : letter (postal) {IX}
leniko <N> [n] : message (short written message), note (written)
adaleni [n] : business letter {VII}
leno [n] : post (mail) {IX}
lenocia [n] : post office {VII}
lenoyo [adj] : postal {RA}
lesada [n] : reading {IX}
lesin : design {IX}
lesu [n] : ink {IX}
lete [n] : pen {IX}
leuga <N> [n] : letter (written symbol), glyph
leziu [adv] : literally {§30}


@ len [radical-n] : document, book, read {VIII}
* lenyako<?> : summary, digest (shorter text), synopsis {SU2004}
> gelen : book
> malen : map
> velenna : page
> xolen : notice
len [v] : read {RA}
lenda [n] : reading, lecture {VII}
jilen [n] : identification (identity papers) {VII}
jitolen [n] : passport {VII}
jitolencia [n] : passport office {VII}


@ li [radical-p] : to, towards, direct, point {VIII}
li [prep] : to (towards), for (to benefit) {§30,IX}
li : (indirect object marker) xo inye li on {§23}
lia [n] : room, space {IX}
lici : guide {IX}
lifu [adv] : to and fro {§29}
lifuno <N> [n] : shuttle (vehicle that goes back and forth often)
liin [adv] : so far {§30}
likada [n] : direction {IX}
line [n] : direction {IX}
lire [n] : ray {IX}
liua [adv] : thereto {§30}
eli [adv] : farther, further {§30}


@ lin [radical-n] : edge, outline, profile {VIII}
lin [n] : edge {IX}
lin [prep] : along {§30}
lindi [n] : limit {IX}
lingo [n] : frame {IX}
valin [n] : frontier {VII}


@ lo [radical-v] : open, free, undo {VIII}
lo [v] : open
lo mindu [!] : open the door! {§27}
* lobain [!] : undo this!<?> {§27}
loca [n] : park (public space) {IX}
loci [adj] : preliminary, opening (first) {SU}
* loda : opening (of a new business etc) {SU}
lokani [adj] : free (at liberty) {IX}
loni [adj] : open {IX}


@ lon [radical-n] : loan, let, lend, hire {VIII}
lon kan : let (a house), rent out a house {IX}


@ lu [radical-v] : play, game, amuse {VIII}
lu [v] : play {IX}
lubanda [n] : sport (competitive) {IX}
luda [n] : play, recreation {IX}
lukaca [n] : stage (for performance before an audience) {IX}
lukaya [n] : theatre {IX}
luxo [n] : play (drama/comedy) {IX}


@ lun [radical-n] : absurd, trivial, vain {VIII}
lun [!] : absurd! {§27}
lunyo [adj] : foolish {IX}


ly : 'l' (the name of this letter of the alphabet) {§8}


@ ma [radical-n] : place, put, local {VIII}
ma [v] : put (translocate X to position Y)
madu [n] : table {IX}
makan [n] : station (esp. train station) {IX}
makun [n] : colony {IX}
malen [n] : map {IX}
mane [n] : position {IX}
mate [v] : put {§27,IX}
mave [v] : plant (install into the soil?) {IX}

ma [sfx] : (names a location; usually larger than areas named with -a) {§15,IX}
> akama : mountain
> dima : district
> duma : woods
> homa : home
> jema : mine
> sama : school
> sucema : harbour
> unama : island
> vema : country (rural area)


@ man [radical-v] : wait, remain, rest, stray {VIII}
man [!] : halt!, stop! {§27}
man [prep] : during {§30}
manda [n] : waiting {IX}
mandi [n] : rest {IX}
^ that which remains??
mankosi [!] : wait a moment {VII}
mansi [!] : wait! {§27}
mansi mi [!] : wait for me! {§27}
manya [n] : stop (stopping-place) {IX}
manze [n] : waste {IX}
^ (bad remains??)
manzecan <N> [n] : trash can, wastebasket {SD}
demanyo [adj] : permanent {RA}
demanyu [adv] : permanently {§30}


@ me [radical-v] : think, mind, idea {VIII} 
me [v] : think {RA}
meda [n] : thought {IX}
mefan [n] : idea {IX}
mega [n] : brain {IX}
megayo [adj] : cerebral {RA}
meiti [n] : purpose {IX}
meka [v] : consider {VII}
mekin [v] : invent, create (creatively), make up
mekinda [n] : invention {IX}
melan [n] : music {IX}
melangi [n] : band, orchestra {IX}
mele [v] : note {IX}
melen [n] : record (written or otherwise recorded) {IX}
meminda [n] : interest (in a topic) {IX}
mene [n] : mind {IX}
meni [n] : idea, thought {IX}
meri : humour {IX}
^ mood? jokes?
meseda [n] : observation {IX}
mesen [n] : sense {IX}
mesenyo [adj] : conscious {IX}
mevoyo [adj] : sad {IX}
mezoni [adj] : angry {IX}


@ men [radical-n] : measure, size, month {VIII}
mendi [n] : month {§20,IX}


@ mi [radical-n] : I, me, my {VIII}
mie [pron] : we, us {§18,23}
miena [pron] : ours {§23}
mina [pron] : mine (that which belongs to me) {§23}


@ min [radical-p] : in, middle, interior {VIII}
min [prep] : in, inside, within, into
^ "min mi dia" "akibasi min cekadikaya" "keni min... lenda" {VII}
min [v] : enter {§13,27}
o min! [!] : please come in {§13}
minyadaya [n] : Home Office (a British term) {VII}
mindili [adv] : inwards {§30}
mindiua [adv] : therein {§30}
minli [prep] : into {§30}
minlo <N> [n] : entrance (spot where one enters) {o8}
mindu [n] : door {§27}
minru [v] : enter {§33}
amin [adv] : inside {§30}


@ mo [radical-n] : fruit, bulb, nipple {VIII}
mo [n] : fruit {§15}
moga [n] : bulb {IX}
mokin [n] : bulb (of a plant) {IX}
moko [n] : berry {IX}
molio [adj] : fertile {IX}
> agamo : potato
> cemo : button
> kimo : seed
> pomo : apple


@ mon [radical-n] : profit, gain, reap {VIII}
mon [n] : profit {IX}
mondi [n] : interest (payment) {IX}


@ mu [radical-n] : hair, fur, wool, brown {VIII}
mu [n] : hair {IX}
muci [n] : barber {VII}
muden [n] : comb (for hair) {IX}
muga [n] : wool {IX}
muja [v] : shave (one's face) {VII}
muren [n] : thread {IX}
muro [adj] : brown {§22,IX}
muroko <N> [adj] : tan color (light brown)
murojen [n] : copper {IX}
vasimu <N> [n] : beard


@ mun [radical-n] : soft, pile, cushion {VIII}
mun [n] : cushion {IX}
munyo [adj] : soft {IX}


my : 'm' (the name of this letter of the alphabet) {§8}


@ na [radical-p] : not, no, nor, deny {VIII}
na [pcl] : not, no (in response to a yes/no question) {IX}
na X na Y : neither X nor Y {§26}
na X au Y <?> : not only X but (also) Y {§30}
na huka [!] : no smoking. {§27}
na ke : isn't it? (= J. desu ne / Fr. n'est ce pas) {§25}
na po ci [!] : don't mention it!, never mind! {§27}
naci : nothing, zero, nought, nil {§19,26}
nadi [adj] : no (not any of), none of {§26,30}
nagera [n] : bachelor {§14}
nagezan [n] : spinster {§14}
naire [adv] : no more, never again! {§27,30}
najasi [!] : don't trouble! {§27}
naji <N> [pron] : no one, nobody
nakoua : no less {§30}
nalaba [!] : don't speak! {§27}
nali : can't, cannot {§26}
nali [!] : it is impossible. {§27}
nari [!] : never! {§27}
nari [adv] : never {§30}
* enari<?> : always {§30}
naro [adj] : black {§22,IX}
nataua [adv] : no more (not any longer / no future iterations) {§30}
nau [adv] : in no way, nohow {§26}
naua : not at all {§26,30}
naua [!] : of course not! {§27}
naue : ought not, should not {§26}
naui : but (when "but" = "however"), yet, notwithstanding, still {§26,VII,IX}
nauo : must not {§26}
naya [adv] : nowhere {§30}
nayo [adj] : no (cf. "nadi") {§26}
nazinyo [adj] : dead {IX}

na [sfx] : (denotes an inorganic thing; sometimes tangible sometimes not) {§15}
> apona : roof
> bona : meat
> fugana : leather
> lana : word
> suna : liquid
> suruna : current

na [sfx] : pieces of, head of {§19}
> cana ibo : four head of cattle {§19}
> atuna velen : eight sheets of paper {§19}

na [sfx] : (creates pronouns like mine yours etc)
> mina : mine
> tina : yours


@ nan [radical-p] : although, ignore {VIII}
nan [conj] : though, although {§30,IX}
menan <N> [v] : ignore, disregard


@ ne [radical-p] : from, leave, absent, rob {VIII}
ne [prep] : from, than {§30}
ne [v] : separate, part (to separate from each other) {RA}
neda [n] : parting {IX}
nedini [adj] : separate {IX}
nefi [v] : lose (to unwantedly cease having)
nefida [v] : loss {IX}
nefini [v] : loss {IX}
nefu [prep] : from out (of) {§30}
nein [adv] : hence {§30}
neinli [adv] : hence, here -- from here {§29}
nekeli [adv] : whence? {§30}
nekeya [adv] : whence? {§30}
neli [adv] : away, off (away) {§30,IX}
neri : since {§30}
neru [v] : leave, depart, go from
neua [adv] : therefrom {§30}
neunli [adv] : thence {§30}

ne [sfx] : (indicates an abstract noun of state/condition) {§16}
> mane : position
> rane : manhood
> sane : knowledge
> tane : size
> zanne : womanhood


@ nen [radical-p] : except, omit, skip {VIII}
nen : except, but (when "but" = "except"), unless {§30}
nenka <N> [v] : omit
nenru <N> [v] : skip


@ ni [radical-v] : suffer, undergo, able {VIII}
^ as suffix sometimes indicates passive adjective like E-o -ita
ni : able {IX}
nika : conquer {§36}
nike : can (I/you/they)?
nili [n/adj] : west {IX}
nio [adj] : able {IX}
niri [n] : evening {§20}
niuri [n] : autumn, fall (season) {§20}
niurio [adj] : autumnal


@ nin [radical-n] : result, product, child {VIII}
ninko : baby {IX}
ninna : produce<?> {IX}

nin [sfx] : child of {§14}
> ranin : son
> zannin : daughter
> rannin : prince


@ no [radical-v] : carry, vehicle {VIII}
no [v] : carry {§24}
noci [n] : porter {IX}
noda [n] : carriage, transport {IX}
nogi [n] : luggage {VII}
nohayen [!] : carry it! {§27}
nore [n] : rail {IX}
noru [v] : drive (a vehicle), ride (a vehicle)
^ "noru li (Savoi) Hotel" {VII}


@ non [radical-v] : invert, reverse {VIII}
* nondinyo : non-party<?> {§26}
^ weak example by Searight; nonle = erase?, nonkanba = demolish?


@ nu [radical-v] : change, turn, or {VIII}
nu [conj] : or {IX}
nu : change (cause to be different) {VII,IX}
nu X nu Y : either X or Y {§30}
* nu [!] : now! {§27}
nuda [n] : change {IX}
nuru [v] : change (become different) {IX}
nusi [v] : turn {IX}

nu [pfx] : (forms various kinship terms)
nuzan : aunt {§14}
nura : uncle {§14}
nubozan : female cousin {§14}
nubora : male cousin {§14}
nuyuma : step-mother {§14}
nupara : step-father {§14}
nuzannin : step-daughter {§14}
nuranin : step-son {§14}
nuzauma : great-grandmother {§14}
nuzapara : great-grandfather {§14}
nuvazannin : great-granddaughter {§14}
nuvaranin : great-grandson {§14}


@ nun [radical-n] : nine {VIII}
nunson : 900 {§19}


ny : 'n' (the name of this letter of the alphabet) {§8}


o [particle] : (honorific), (politeness) {VIII}
o cu : please (would you kindly) {§27,IX}
o hara : sir {§13}
oha [!] : here! (calling a waiter etc), excuse me! (to get attention) {§27}

o [pfx] : (indicates units of time in odi ori etc) {?}
odi : day of the week (Monday Tuesday etc) {§20}
odiri : date (year month day etc) {§20}

o [sfx] : (forms ordinals)
> enyo : first
> xio : sixth

on [particle] : he, him, his {VIII}
onye [pron] : they (masc.), them (masc.), their (masc.) {§23}

ori [de-facto morpheme] : o'clock {§20}
ke ori : what time is it?, what is the time? {§20}
oribi : clock {IX}
atu ori : 8:00am {VII}


@ pa [radical-v] : eat, nourish, bread {VIII}
pada [n] : meal {IX}
paga [n] : stomach {IX}
pagan [n] : food {IX}
pagu [n] : mouth {IX}
paguo [adj] : oral {RA}
paimoda [n] : digestion {IX}
paisucan <N> [n] : refrigerator {cf. pazocan}
palio su [n] : drinking water, potable water
pana [n] : bread {IX}
panaci [n] : baker {RA}
panacia [n] : bakery {§15}
pani [n] : food {IX}
panoci [n] : waiter, waitress {VII}
papun [n] : cheese {IX}
para [n] : father {§4,IX}
parau [adv] : fatherishly (in a fatherly manner) {§6}
parauma [n] : father and mother, parents {§21}
paraxa [n] : Papa, Daddy {§17}
pari [n] : meal {IX}
pasu [v] : drink {IX}
^ corrected from "pa (su)" in IX
pasua [n] : bar (drinking place) {IX}
pasuna [n] : drink, beverage {IX}
pata [n] : dinner (big meal) {VII}
pate [n] : spoon {IX}
paulo [n] : butter {IX}
paxuna [n] : cake {IX}
^ check for British meanings
pazocan [n] : oven {IX}
> karipa : lunch {VII}


@ pan [radical-n] : all, complete, fill {VIII}
pan : all {§18,IX}
pan diri : all day {§20}
pandi : side -- all sides
apandi [adv] : side -- on all sides {§30}
pando : both {§19}
pando X ge Y : both X and Y {§30}
apando [adv] : side -- on both sides {§30}
pange [adv] : altogether {§30}
panji <N> [pron] : everybody, everyone
panni [adj] : complete, full {IX}
panri [adv] : always (on all occasions) {RA}
panroyago <N> [n] : rainbow
pantin : all three {§19}
panyasi [!] : quite so! {§27}
panyeri [adv] : forever, always (forever) {§30}
panyu [adv] : completely, wholly {§30}
panyummagin <N> [n] : world wide web, internet {SU}


@ pe [radical-n] : foot, leg, walk, kick {VIII}
pe [n] : foot {§15,IX}
pebi <N> [n] : pedal
pece [n] : boot {IX}
peceko [n] : shoe {IX}
pecin : step {IX}
pega [n] : leg {IX}
pegavando [n] : trousers, pants {IX}
pegavandoko <N> [n] : short pants
pegin [n] : sock {IX}
peginta [n] : stocking {IX}
pegun [n] : knee {IX}
pekaba [v] : kick {IX}
peli [!] : march! {§27}
perinda [n] : dance
perinni [n] : step {IX}
peru [v] : walk {IX}
pete [n] : toe {IX}


@ pen [radical-n] : five, pentagon {VIII}
pen [num] : five {§19}
penyedi : fifty
penyodi : Friday {§20}


@ pi [radical-n] : bird, fly, flight, aviation {VIII}
pi [n] : bird {IX}
pia [n] : nest (of birds) {§15}
piacipiga [n] : nest-egg {§15}
pica [n] : bird preserve (avian sanctuary) {§15}
^ bad coining
piga [n] : egg {IX}
pigi <N> [n] : flock of birds {SU}
pikan [n] : aviary {§15}
pila : whistle {IX}
pima [n] : henrun (place where birds are found or kept) {§15}
pira [n] : birdman (man who tends birds; keeper) {§14}
piru [v] : fly
piruda [n] : flight {IX}
piruno <N> [n] : aircraft, airplane (or any other type of aircraft)
pizan [n] : female birdkeeper {§14}


@ pin [radical-n] : feather, fringe, flimsy {VIII}
pin [n] : feather {IX}


@ po [radical-p] : on, by, cover, dress {VIII}
podan [n] : price {IX}
pogan [n] : dress {IX}
pogin [n] : cloth {IX}
poli [n/adj] : north {IX}
pomo [n] : apple {IX}
pona [n] : cover {IX}
mukupona [n] : blanket {VII}
sutepona [n] : umbrella {VII}
poru [v] : cover {IX}
posi : dress {IX}
posina [n] : dress {IX}
^ outfit i.e. the clothes one is wearing ???
povan [n] : curtain {IX}
> kapo : hat

po [prep] : (vague preposition like Esperanto's je) {§30,IX}
po ciua : by the way
po cu : please
po fa : by chance, in case
po fa : case -- in case of {VII}
po he fa : in any case
po hin : consequently, therefore
po ito : at last
po jo [!] : by God! {§27}
po ke : how much?
po ki : at first, firstly (at the start)
po ko : at least {VII}
po rima : under the circumstances
po ta : at most
po uli : in the presence of
po un fa : in that case
po uo : of necessity
po uso : on condition that
po via : on the way to
po xi diri: for six days {§20}
po e xi diri : for another six days {§20}
poua : because {§30}
poyage : contact -- in contact with {§30}
poyaso : indeed {§30}

po : (distributive particle) {§19}
> po engi = one at a time, one by one


@ pon [radical-v] : weigh, heavy, load {VIII}
pon [n] : weight {IX}
ponjen [n] : lead (the metal) {IX}
pontane [n] : weight {IX}


@ pu [radical-n] : filth, foul, dirt, soil {VIII}
pu [!] : bah!, rubbish! {§27}
puate [n] : drain {IX}
puhu <N> [v] : fart
puo [adj] : dirty {IX}
pupi<?> [n] : fly {IX}
^ unclear why KS rendered "a fly" as pupi instead of puapi; typo in Book?
puro [adj] : yellow {IX}
purojen [n] : brass {IX}
pusu <N> [n] : urine


@ pun [radical-n] : decay, rot, pus, rust {VIII}
^ add "ferment"
punyo [adj] : bad {IX}
puvero [adj] : yellow-green {§22}
> papun : cheese


py : 'p' (the name of this letter of the alphabet) {§8}


@ ra [radical-n] : man, male {VIII}
rabeyo [adj] : manless (without a man) {§22}
rabi [n] : male organ, penis {§15}
rabio [adj] : phallic {§22}
racio [adj] : brave (in a manly way), macho {§22}
radi [n] : male gender {IX,SU}
radio [adj] : masculine {§22}
rafio [adj] : effeminate {§22}
rako [n] : male child {§14}
rakio [adj] : adolescent {§22}
ralio [adj] : potent (in a manly way) {§22}
rane [n] : manhood {§14}
ranin [n] : son {§14,IX}
ranio [adj] : virilized, masculinized {§22}
raninxa : Sonny boy {§17}
ranoyo [adj] : son-bearing, male-producing {§22}
rapanyo [adj] : manful (or "full of men?") {§22}
rapi [n] : cock (male bird) {§14}
rapo [n] : shirt {IX}
rasio [adj] : manly {§22}
rata [n] : giant, man of importance {§4,17}
ravio [adj] : virile {§22}
raxa [n] : man -- nice or handsome man {§17}
raze [n] : man -- unpleasant or ugly man {§17}

ra [sfx] : (indicates a "male agent") {§4,14}
> bora : brother
> nagera : bachelor
> udara : judge


@ ran [radical-n] : king, rule, royal {VIII}
randa [n] : rule (reign) {IX}
rannin <N> [n] : prince, princess


@ re [radical-n] : straight, line, long {VIII}
re [n] : line {IX}
recin [n] : range {IX}
rega [n] : stem {IX}
rejen [n] : rail {IX}
^ cf. nore
reli [adv] : straight, directly (without zigzagging) {§30}
rete [n] : rod {IX}
reten [n] : shelf, rack {IX}
retun [n] : wall {IX}
reya [n] : street {IX}
reyo [adj] : straight {IX}

* as suffix generally names things that are straight or linear
> anore : bridge
> dure : tree
> irore : ray (of light)
> nore : rail


@ ren [radical-n] : cord, tense, thin {VIII}
ren [n] : cord, wire {IX}
renbe [n] : radio {IX}
rengin [n] : canvas {IX}
renni [adj] : tight {IX}
renyo [adj] : thin {IX}


@ ri [radical-n] : time, while {VIII}
ri : while, during, when... {§30}
ri ci : when (the time which...) {§23,IX}
ridi [n] : week {§20,IX}
rifi [adv] : rarely, seldom {§30}
riko [n] : second (unit of time) {IX}
rima [n] : stage (phase), circumstances {§30,IX}
riman : while {IX}
^ is this a noun meaning "short period"?
riodi [n] : week-day {§20}
riui [adv] : still (= "even at this later time" ?) {IX}
arili : until, as far as {§30}
ketari : how long? (for how much time?)
> hori : hour
> keri : when?


@ rin [radical-n] : rhythm, pulse, metre (of verse) {VIII}
rin [n] : rhythm {IX}
rinudu <N> [n] : beat (the rhythmic beat of music) {SU}


@ ro [radical-n] : colour, color, dye, paint {VIII}
ro [n] : colour, color {IX}
rodana [n] : picture {IX}
rogan [n] : paint {IX}
roganoda [n] : painting {IX}
^ ro-ga-no-da ? if so, what does ro-ga mean ?
royale [n] : flag {IX}
> muro : brown
> vero : green
suzoro [adj] : bluish purple {§22}
suzoroko <N> [adj] : lavender
zosuro [adj] : reddish purple {§22}
suvero [adj] : bluish green {§22}
vesuro [adj] : greenish blue {§22}


@ ron [radical-n] : tone, tune, shade, mood {VIII}


@ ru [radical-v] : go, move, mobile {VIII}
ru [v] : go (move from one location to another) {IX}
rua [n] : road {IX}
ruba [v] : push {IX}
ruba [!] : push! {§27}
rubada [n] : push {IX}
ruci [n] : goer (one who goes) {§14}
rucin [n] : rate (of speed etc) {IX}
ruda [n] : move, motion {IX}
rudan [n] : fare (price of riding)
rufi [v] : trip (stumble)
rugo [n] : wheel {IX}
ruha [!] : go away! {§27}
ruhasi [!] : off with you (= be off!) {§27}
ruire [v] : go on (continue) {§36}
ruka [v] : send {IX}
rukanina [n] : consignment, shipment {VII}
ruki [v] : start (begin to travel) {IX}
ruko [n] : stroll, trip (short journey) {§36}
runa : move {IX}
runi [adj] : moved {§36}
rusu [n] : stream, river {§7,IX}
ruta [n] : journey, voyage, travel {§36,IX}

ru [sfx] : (forms an intransitive verb)
> kiru : become
> geru : join


@ run [radical-n] : machine, apparatus {VIII}
run [n] : engine, machine {IX}
runbi [n] : apparatus {IX}
runci [n] : engineer {IX}


ry : 'r' (the name of this letter of the alphabet) {§8}


@ sa [radical-n] : know, teach, inform {VIII}
sa [v] : know
safan [n] : theory {IX}
sahanne<?> : note<?> {IX}
saka [v] : teach {RA}
sakada [n] : teaching {IX}
sama [n] : school {IX}
same : sense (interpretation?), understand {VII}
sameni [!] : of course! {§27}
sameua [!] : understand! {§27}
samen : test {IX}
sane [n] : knowledge {IX}
sani [adj] : known {§36}
savilana [n] : maxim, proverb, saying (maxim)
savio [adj] : wise {IX}


@ san [radical-n] : health, medicine, sane {VIII}
sancoda [n] : surgery, operation (medical) {IX}
sandio [adj] : medical {IX}
sangan <N> [n] : medicine (medication)
sangenci [n] : pharmacist ("chemist" in British English) {IX}
sanya [n] : hospital {IX}
sanyo [adj] : healthy, good (as in "feeling good") {IX}


@ se [radical-n] : see, seem, visual {VIII}
se [v] : see {IX}
se [!] : look!, here! (look) {§27}
selio [adj] : clear (evident) {IX}
selo [n] : window {IX}
seni [n] : view {IX}
seru [v] : seem, look (or "look like") {IX}
seru da : seem to {VII}
seruvi : look<?> {IX}


@ sen [radical-n] : feel, touch, sense {VIII}
sen : feeling {IX}
senga [n] : nerve {IX}


@ si [radical-n] : self, one, own, identity {VIII}
^ own (as in "your own" not as in "possess")
si : self, oneself {IX}
si alo [!] : you may! {§27}
siada [n] : business {IX}
sibada [n] : impulse {IX}
sie : selves {§23}
sijuda [n] : amusement {IX}
simi [pron] : myself, my own {§23}
sino [n] : automobile {IX}
sio [adj] : same {IX}
sirunyo [adj] : automatic {IX}
situ [pron] : yourself, your own {§23}
* siui : even <?> {§30}
sivan : secret {IX}
sivi : such {IX}


si [sfx] : (can be possessive like 's in English) {§4,31}
^ this possessive form was seldom used by Searight
* parasi bora = the father's brother, rasi nin = the man's son


si [sfx] : (indicates the jussive; a rude/urgent type of imperative) {§27}





@ sin [radical-n] : form, shape, type {VIII}
sin [n] : form, shape {IX}
sinda [n] : structure {IX}


@ so [radical-n] : with, help, combine {VIII}
so : with (accompanying) {IX}
soceni [adj] : safe {IX}
soci [n] : member (of a group) {VII}
socia [n] : club {IX}
socine [n] : society {IX}
sogane [n] : system {IX}
soginyo [adj] : complex, interwoven {IX}
soji [n] : friend {IX}
soka [v] : help, assist {VII}
sokada [n] : help {IX}
sokasaye [n] : communications {VII}
solan [n] : harmony {IX}
soyare [v] : organize {RA}
soyareda [n] : organization {IX}
soyu [adv] : together {§30,IX}


@ son [radical-n] : hundred, percent {VIII}
son [num] : hundred {§19}
songi : company of a hundred {§19}
sontan : 100000 {§19}
sontori [n] : century {§19}
po son : percent


@ su [radical-n] : water, liquid, flow {VIII}
su [n] : water {IX}
suba [v] : pour {§33}
subeni [adj] : dried (as in "subeni mo")
subeyo [adj] : dry {IX}
subinko [n] : bucket {IX}
^ what did 'subin' mean?
subuna [n] : soap {IX}
^ bu ??
sucan [n] : boat, toilet {VII,IX}
sucanya [n] : boathouse {§22}
sucema [n] : harbour {IX}
sucon [n] : sand {IX}
sudi [n] : sea {IX}
sufi [v] : dribble {§36}
suhun [n] : steam {IX}
suire [v] : rain (for a long time)<?> {§36}
sujen <N> [n] : mercury (the metal) {RM}
* suki : wet, sweat<?> {VII,36}
^ neither wet nor sweat make sense as definitions of su+ki
suko : drop (of liquid), sprinkle {§36,IX}
suna [n] : liquid {IX}
suni [adj] : wet {IX}
suno [n] : ship, vessel {IX}
desuno <N> [n] : submarine
suo [adj] : aquatic, watery {§22}
supa [n] : soup {IX}
suro [adj] : blue {IX}
suru : flow, flowing {§7,33}
suruate [n] : drain {IX}
suruna [n] : current {IX}
suta [v] : soak (saturate?)
sute [n] : stalactite {§3}
sutepona [n] : umbrella {IX}
suven [n] : rice {IX}
suzo [v] : boil {IX}
suzoni [adj] : boiling {IX}
^ shouldn't suzoni mean "boiled"?


@ sun [radical-n] : fish, clammy {VIII}
sun [n] : fish {IX}
urosun <N> [n] : goldfish


sy : 's' (the name of this letter of the alphabet) {§8}


@ ta [radical-n] : great, augment, very {VIII}
ta [pcl] : very, greatly
ta ci : as much as {§30}
ta cu [!] : very much! {§27}
ta ne : more than {§30}
ta xa [!] : very good! {§27}
ta xan [!] : thank you very much! {§27}
tacan [n] : chest (for storage) {IX}
taci : as much as {§23}
tada [n] : increase, growth {IX}
tadanyo [adj] : dear (expensive), costly, expensive {IX}
tadi : much {IX}
takan [n] : big house, mansion {§22}
takoraxa : boy -- a fine big boy {§17}
takoraze : boy -- an unpleasant big boy, lout {§17}
tamen [n] : amount {IX}
tana [adj] : much {IX}
tane [n] : size {IX}
tara [n] : big man {§4}
tarata [n] : huge giant {§17}
tareyo [adj] : long {IX}
tari : long time {RA}
^ from 'ketari'
tau [adj] : greatly {§30}
taua : the more ... {§30}
tayo [adj] : large, great, big {§22}


ta [sfx] : (augmentative somewhat like Esperanto -eg-) {§2,17}
> rata : a giant
> ruta : journey
> tanta : million


@ tan [radical-n] : body, bulk, mass, thousand {VIII}
tan [n] : bulk, mass, body {§2,IX}
tan [num] : thousand {§19}
tanta [num] : million {§19}
> dotanta<?> : billion (possibly an error in the book) {§19}
tanyenna : thousand and one {§19}


@ te [radical-n] : hand, project, take {VIII}
te [n] : hand {§2,IX}
te [!] : catch! {§27}
teba [v] : grip, grasp {IX}
tebi [n] : handle {§3}
tebin [n] : cup {IX}
tece [n] : glove {IX}
^ why not tepo?
tega [n] : arm {§3,IX}
teka [v] : take {IX}
tekayen [!] : take it! {§27}
telanna [n] : piano {IX}
telika : point {IX}
tena [n] : projection, protrusion {§15}
teri [n] : watch, wristwatch {IX}
tesen : touch {IX}


@ ten [radical-v] : hold, contain {VIII}
ten [v] : hold, contain {VIII}
* ten : reception<?> {§2}
tendu [n] : shelf {IX}
tenga [n] : thumb {IX}
tenka [v] : keep {IX}
tenna [n] : vessel {IX}


@ ti [radical-n] : they, them, their {VIII}
tina [pron] : theirs {§23}


@ tin [radical-n] : three, triangular {VIII}
tin [num] : three
tincako : three quarters {§19}
tindici (ori) : 1:00pm, 13:00 {§20}
tingi [n] : trio
tingio [adj] : treble (threefold), triple {§19}
tinko : one third {§19}
tinyedi [num] : thirty {§20}
* tinyedica : 34 {§19}
tinyo [adj] : third
tinyodi : Wednesday


@ to [radical-v] : pass, year, was, were {VIII}
to : passing {§2}
tolen [n] : ticket {IX}
iritolen [n] : return ticket, round-trip ticket {VII}
toreno [n] : train {§5,IX}
tori [n] : year {§20}
> mi xidici tori : I am 16 years old. {§20}
> vatori : next year
torilen [n] : calendar {IX}
toru [v] : pass {§13}
toruda [n] : passage (act of travelling through) {VII}
* torugi [n] : passengers {VII}
toruji [n] : passenger {VII}
^ is torugi an irregular plural of toruji?
torusi [!] : pass on! {§27}


@ ton [radical-v] : tire, wear (out), use up {VIII}
ton [v] : wear (out), use up, exhaust (tire) {§2}
tonne [n] : trouble {IX}
tonni [adj] : tired {IX}


@ tu [radical-n] : you, your {VIII}
tu [pron] : you, your
tue [pron] : you (plural), your (plural) {§23}
tuna : yours


@ tun [radical-n] : limit, wall, city {VIII}
tun [n] : town {IX}
tundi [n] : limit {IX}


ty : 't' (the name of this letter of the alphabet) {§8}


@ u [particle] : how, manner {VIII}
u ci : how... (the manner in which...) {§23,IX}

u [sfx] : (forms an adverb like -e in Esperanto / -ly in English) {§6}
> akiu : quickly
> deu : thoroughly
> enyu : firstly
> isoyu : equally
> keu : how?
> soyu : together
> xau : well


@ ua [particle] : "for; as for; c. that" {VIII,IX}

ua [conj] : that (on la ua an zen = he says that she is ill)

ua [conj] : for the purpose of (ruto ua arise soji = went to visit a friend)
ua ci : why ("for what purpose" not "due to what causation") {§30}
ua da : in order to, for the purpose of doing X {§30}
ua na : lest (so that X doesn't happen) {§30}
> keua : why?

ua [pcl] : (like Japanese 'wa'; comes between topic and comment) {§28}
^ Searight did not actually use ua this way in any complete sentences
^ tu ua = as for you..., with regard to you...

ua [sfx] : (dummy pronoun or emphatic particle used in making function-words)
> ciua : about
> deua : throughout
> haua : behold!, here you go
> inua : elsewhere
> ireua : moreover
> liua : thereto
> naua : of course not!


@ uba [radical-v] : forbid, deny, ban, tabu {VIII}
uba [v] : forbid {RA}
ubani [adj] : forbidden {§27}


@ ube [radical-n] : empty, void, vacate, vacant {VIII}
ubedi <N> [n] : space (beyond our atmosphere), outer space
^ cf sudi, hudi
ubeni [adj] : clear (emptied) {IX}
ubeyo : space<?> {IX}
^ ubeyo must be an adjective so what does 'space' mean in this context?


@ ubi [radical-n] : serve, tend, attend {VIII}
ubi [v] : serve (provide service to) {RA}
ubiji [n] : servant {IX}


@ ubo [radical-n] : sheep, goat {VIII}
ubo [n] : sheep {IX}
ubomu <N> [n] : wool


@ ubu [radical-n] : greed, covet, yearn, lust {VIII}
ubu : desire {IX}


@ uda [radical-n] : law, justice, code {VIII}
udane [n] : law {IX}
udara [n] : judge {IX}
udaxo [v] : justify {VII}


@ ude [radical-v] : break, rend, burst {VIII}
ude [!] : blast! {§27}
udeba [v] : burst {IX}
udena : smash {IX}
udeni [adj] : broken {IX}
aude [adv] : asunder, pieces -- into many pieces {§30}


@ udi [radical-v] : mangle, wound, tear {VIII}
udico [n] : wound (on one's body) {IX}


@ udo [radical-v] : pay, reward, atone {VIII}
udo [v] : pay {RA}
udoni [n] : payment {IX}
udoxa [n] : reward {IX}
udoyusone [n] : terms of payment


@ udu [radical-n] : thump, thud, drum {VIII}
udu [!] : bump! {§27}
boudu <N> [n] : heartbeat {SU}


ue [particle] : ought to, obliged to, should (ought to) {VIII}
uene [n] : debt, duty, obligation {§23,IX}


@ uga [radical-n] : grain, seed {VIII}
uga [n] : grain (of wheat/corn etc), seed (of a plant)
venyuga <N> : grain (kernel) of corn {SU}


@ uge [radical-n] : cumulus, pile, heap {VIII}
uge [n] : pile, heap {RA}


@ ugi [radical-n] : tangle, bush, cluster {VIII}
ugi [n] : tangle, cluster {RA}


@ ugo [radical-v] : fold, bind, wrap, clasp {VIII}
ugo [v] : bind, tie up, wrap {RA}
ugoba [v] : fold {IX}


@ ugu [radical-n] : hook, claw, catch {VIII}
ugubi [n] : hook {IX}


ui [particle] : yes {IX}
uine [n] : approval, assent {IX}

ui [sfx] : (intensifier; random modulator of function-words)
> geui : and yet...
> eui : certainly
> anaui : in spite of
> ikaui : exactly

ui [sfx] : (indicates exhortation; gentle imperative)
> lakamiui : come on, tell me!


@ uka [radical-n] : vertical, stand up {VIII}
ukasi [!] : stand up! {§27}
ukka (uka+ka) [v] : construct (a building)<?>
^ modified from ukka<?> - building {IX}


@ uke [radical-v] : seek, hunt, quest, search {VIII}
uke [v] : pursue, go after, hunt {§18}
ukeda [n] : search
ukecekaci [n] : detective {VII}
ukeluda [n] : sport {IX}
ukesada [n] : investigation {VII}
ukeseda [n] : examination {VII}


@ uki [radical-v] : develop, train, culture {VIII}
ukida [n] : practice (to improve a skill), training, development {IX}
ukisada [n] : education {IX}


@ uko [radical-n] : frail, slender, delicate, fine {VIII}
^ no usage/discussion in Book ~ reserve for possible repurposing?
* "delicate" = gafinyo, imusenyo {IX}


@ uku [radical-v] : layer, film, slice, shave {VIII}
uku [v] : shave {RA}
ukuni <N> [n] : slice


@ ula [radical-n] : sing, recite, howl, choir {VIII}
ulage [n] : chorus {IX}
ulani [n] : song {IX}


@ ule [radical-n] : stain, blot, spot {VIII}
ule [n] : mark {IX}


@ uli [radical-n] : close, proximate, intimate {VIII}
auli [adv] : at hand, beside, close by {§30}
en uli [adj] : next -- the next (nearest) {VII}


@ ulo [radical-n] : oil, grease, flatter {VIII}
ulo [n] : oil {IX}
> paulo : butter


@ ulu [radical-n] : monkey, mischief {VIII}
ulu [n] : monkey {IX}


@ uma [radical-n] : mother, nation, home {VIII}
uma [n] : mother {§14,IX}
umara <N> [n] : father (synonym for 'para') {SR}
umma (uma+ma) [n] : land, country (land) {IX}
panyumma <N> [n] : world


@ ume [radical-n] : reason, rational, logic {VIII}
ume [n] : reason (rational thought) {IX}


@ umi [radical-n] : centre, heart, focus {VIII}
umidi [n] : middle, centre, center {IX}
umiga [n] : heart {IX}


@ umo [radical-n] : breast, milk, suckle {VIII}
umoga <N> [n] : breast (milk-secreting organ on woman's chest) {RA}
umoro [adj] : cream color {§22}
umosu [n] : milk {IX}


@ umu [radical-n] : bear, bore, grumpy {VIII}
^ no usage/discussion in Book ~ reserve for possible repurposing?


@ un [particle] : that, those, former {VIII}
un [pron/adj] : that, former {§20}
undan [n] : debt ("undan" might be a typo for "unidan") {IX}
undi : side -- on that side {§30}
undiua : hand -- on the other hand {§30}
unli [adv] : thither, there -- to that place {§29,IX}
unli [!] : that way! {§27}
unno [v] : remove (carry away), take away (from the speaker) {§24}
unnoyen [!] : take it away! {§27}
unri [adv] : then (see §30) {IX}
unru [v] : go away {§24}
unsi [!] : go away! {§27}
unvadiri : tomorrow -- the day after tomorrow, day after tomorrow {§20}
unya [adv] : there {IX}
unye [pron/adj] : those {§20}
unzadiri : day before yesterday {§20}
unzavandi : night before last {§20}


@ una [radical-n] : sole, only, isolate {VIII}
unadi [n] : unit {IX}
panyunadi [adj] : universal (shared by all units) {VII}
unama [n] : island {IX}
unaua : only {§30}
unayo [adj] : only (sole) {VII}


@ une [radical-n] : reserve, shy, retire {VIII}
uneji <N> [n] : hermit


@ uni [radical-v] : depend, hang, liable {VIII}
unicio [adj] : dependent
^ having a tendency to rely on?? {IX}
unilio [adj] : responsible {IX}


@ uno [radical-n] : cross, check, squint {VIII}


@ unu [radical-n] : contrast, judge {VIII}
unu [v] : compare {RA}
unu po : compared to, in comparison with {§30}
unuda [n] : comparison {IX}
unume [n] : opinion {VII}


uo [particle] : must (indicating necessity or requirement) {VIII}
tu uo [!] : you must! {§27}


@ upa [radical-v] : cram, stuff, choke, boil {VIII}


@ upe [radical-v] : jump, spring, skip, hop {VIII}
upe [v] : jump, hop, leap {RA}
upeda [n] : jump {IX}


@ upi [radical-n] : buoyant, float, swim {VIII}
upi <N> [v] : float
upiru [v] : swim {IX}
upive [n] : cork {IX}


@ upo [radical-n] : shield, defend, shelter {VIII}
^ no usage/discussion in Book ~ reserve for possible repurposing?


@ upu [radical-n] : pig, swine, pork {VIII}
upu [n] : pig {IX}
upuyo [adj] : porcine {RA}


@ ura [radical-n] : force, drive, electric {VIII}
ura [n] : force {IX}
urazo [adj] : electric {IX}


@ ure [radical-n] : right, regular, correct {VIII}
ure [!] : right! (correct) {§27}
urekada [n] : rule {IX}
^ in what sense of the word?
ureli : right -- to the right {§30}
urelisi [!] : right turn!, turn right! {§27}
urene [n] : right {IX}
^ as in "you are in the right"? or as in "human rights"?
ureni [adj] : regular {IX}
uresinyo [adj] : regular {IX}
ureua [!] : you are right. {§27}
urevio [adj] : good {IX} 
aure : right -- on the right-hand side {§30}


@ uri [radical-n] : season, suit (suitability), opportune {VIII}
uri : season {§20}
> kiuri : spring
> kauri : summer
> niuri : autumn
> finyuri : winter


@ uro [radical-n] : gold, glory, splendour {VIII}
uro [n] : gold {IX}
uromo [n] : orange (fruit) {IX}
uromoro <N> [adj] : orange (color)
urro (uro+ro) [adj] : golden (color) {§22}


@ uru [radical-v] : swing, sway, wag, flux {VIII}
uru [v] : swing, sway, wag


@ usa [radical-v] : heed, obey, comply {VIII}
usada [n] : attention (heed) {IX}


@ use [radical-v] : hear, sound, listen {VIII}
use [v] : hear, listen to {VII}
useda [n] : hearing {IX}


@ usi [radical-v] : agree, fit, conform {VIII}
usi [v] : conform, fit (be fitting/suitable)
usiu [adv] : accordingly {VII}
usi po : in accordance with {§30}


@ uso [radical-n] : treaty, bargain, pact {VIII}
usoda [n] : agreement (agreeing) {IX}
usona [n] : condition (terms) {IX}
usoni [n] : agreement (that which is agreed to) {IX}
usoyu [adv] : conditionally {§30}


@ usu [radical-n] : silver, glint, steel {VIII}
usu [n] : silver {§19,IX}
usuro [adj] : silver (color) {§22}


@ uta [radical-v] : swell, wave, undulate {VIII}
uta [n] : swelling {§2}
utana [n] : wave {IX}


@ ute [radical-n] : pocket, sheath {VIII}
ute [n] : pocket {§2,IX}
utegin [n] : basket {IX}
utten (ute+ten) [n] : bag {IX}


@ uti [radical-p] : beyond, far, distance {VIII}
uti : beyond, far {§30,IX}
utiha [!] : down with ..., to hell with... {§27}
utila [n] : telephone {IX}
utile [n] : telegram {IX}
utimen [n] : distance {IX}
utise <N> [n] : television
auti : far away {§30}
keuti : how far?


@ uto [radical-n] : excess, flood, too (excessive) {VIII}
uto : too (excessively) {§27}
utori [!] : too long! {§27}
utoyaki [!] : too fast! {§27}
utosu <N> [n] : flood


@ utu [radical-v] : swell, tumour, lump {VIII}
^ no usage/discussion in Book


@ uza [radical-v] : yield, give up, submit {VIII}
uza [v] : surrender, submit {RA}


@ uze [radical-n] : harm, hurt, corrupt {VIII}
uzeba [v] : harm, hurt {RA}
uzeda : damage {IX}


@ uzi [radical-v] : stir, wake, inspire {VIII}
uzika [v] : encourage, inspire {VII}


@ uzo [radical-n] : spasm, cramp, writhe {VIII}
uzoni : bent<?> {IX}


@ uzu [radical-n] : wild, random, chaos {VIII}
uzuyo <N> [adj] : random, chaotic


@ va [radical-n] : front, face, ahead {VIII}
va : will (future tense indicator) {IX}
va : before (in front) {§30}
va xi diri : in six days {§20}
vadi [n] : front, face {IX}
vadiri : tomorrow {§20,IX}
vaime [v] : hope {IX}
vaka [v] : forward (pass a message along to another) {VII}
> vala : predict
vali [adv] : forward, ahead {IX}
vali [!] : forward!, go on! {§27,page_114}
valio [adj] : probable {IX}
valiu [adv] : probably {§30}
varanin [n] : grandson {§14}
vari : future {IX}
varidi : next week {§20}
vasiga [n] : face {IX}
vate [n] : chin {IX}
vatori : next year {VII}
vavandi : tomorrow night {§20}
vazannin [n] : grand-daughter {§14}
ava : in front {§30}


@ van [radical-v] : hide, mask, shade, night {VIII}
vandi [n] : night {§19,IX}
vanyo [adj] : dark {IX}
> abevan : mist
> povan : curtain
> zovan : smoke


@ ve [radical-n] : vegetable, herb, green {VIII}
ve [n] : plant (vegetable organism)
veca [n] : field (area of open land) {IX}
vecaya [n] : country house {§22}
vedaya [n] : farm {IX}
velen [n] : paper {§19,IX}
velenna [n] : page (of book) {IX}
bivelen [n] : toilet paper {VII}
velo [n] : flower {§21,IX}
veloca [n] : garden {IX}
vema [n] : country (rural area) {IX}
vemuro [adj] : olive color {§22}
vero [adj] : green {IX}
veroko [adj] : pastel green
vetan [n] : stem {IX}


@ ven [radical-n] : cereal, crops, corn, grain {VIII}
ven [n] : cereal (grain crops), grain (such as wheat) {RA}
> suven : rice


@ vi [radical-n] : nature, quality, kind {VIII}
vi [prep] : of (associated with X in some vague way) {IX}
via [n] : way, path, route, trajectory {IX} 
^ tu sake via {VII}
vidi [n] : sex (gender) {IX}
vikin [n] : family {IX}
viko [n] : example {IX}
vio [adj] : natural {IX}
viro [adj] : opal (color) {§22}
visu [n] : seed<?> (euphemism for semen?) {IX}

* examples of vi as suffix of kind/type/sort
> hivi : sort, kind of
> civi : some kind of
> kevi : what kind of?
> sivi : such

vi [sfx] : (as suffix forms abstract noun of quality) {§16}
> divi : particularity
> kavi : superiority


@ vin [radical-n] : essence, cream, wine {VIII}
vin [n] : wine
vinna <N> [n] : essence
umovin <N> [n] : cream (from milk)


@ vo [radical-v] : grieve, weep, woe, sorry {VIII}
vo [!] : alas! {§27}
vola [v] : cry (weep) {IX}
vosi ua : regret that ... {VII}
vosiniu <N> : regrettably
vosu <N> [n] : tears, tear-drops
vozine [n] : regret {IX}
^ should this be 'vosine' or 'vozine'?


@ von [radical-v] : pity, spare, mercy {VIII}
von : pity {RA}
vonmi [!] : forgive me! {§27}


@ vu [radical-n] : vague, wander, stray {VIII}
vuiro <N> [n] : planet (cf. 'ceiro')


@ vun [radical-v] : twist, coil, curl, screw {VIII}
vunna : screw {IX}


vy : 'v' (the name of this letter of the alphabet) {§8}


@ xa [radical-n] : good, nice, merit, pleasant {VIII}
xaba [!] : bravo! {§27}
xabaha [!] : well done! {§30}
xadani [!] : well done! {§27}
xafa [n] : luck -- good luck, fortune (good luck) {§27}
xafadi [n] : luck -- stroke of luck
xafatu [!] : good luck! {§27}
xahatu [!] : bless you! {§27}
xame : kindness, metta {RA}
xamevio [adj] : kind (benevolent) {IX}
naxame [adj] : unkind
xau [adv] : well (done in a good way) {§30}
xayo [adj] : good {IX}


@ xan [radical-n] : thanks, thank, gratis {VIII}
xan [!] : thanks! {§27}
xan po : thanks to {§30}


@ xe [radical-n] : feline, cat, sly {VIII}
xe [n] : cat {IX}
xejuve <N> [n] : catnip
xeyo <N> [adj] : feline
taxe [n] : tiger {§18}


@ xen [radical-n] : canine, dog {VIII}
xen [n] : dog {IX}
xenyo <N> [adj] : canine


@ xi [radical-n] : six, hexagonal {VIII}
xi [num] : six {§19}
xiedi [num] : sixty {§19}
xigio : sixfold {§19}
xina : half a dozen {§19}
xiodi : Saturday {§20}


@ xin [radical-n] : sheen, gloss, glaze {VIII}
xin [n] : glass (the material) {IX}
xingin [n] : silk {IX}
xinte [n] : bottle {IX}


@ xo [radical-v] : show, evident, witness {VIII}
xo [v] : show {§23}
xo mi [!] : show me! {§27}
xolada [n] : argument {IX}
xolen [n] : notice (a document that notifies)
xolu [v] : act (in a play or movie) {IX}
xoyenmi : show it to me (= xo en mi) {§23}
* xoyu : seemingly<?> {§30}
^ wouldn't this mean evidently or demonstrably?


@ xon [radical-n] : pomp, ceremony, flaunt {VIII}
xonvio [adj] : pompous {RA}


@ xu [radical-n] : sweet, sugar, fragrant {VIII}
xuga [n] : honey {VII}
xuo [adj] : sweet {IX}


@ xun [radical-n] : guile, cunning, diplomacy {VIII}
xun [n] : guile, trickery {RA}
anaxun [v] : plot, conspire


xy : 'x' (the name of this letter of the alphabet) {§8}


y : 'y' (the name of this letter of the alphabet) {§8}


ya : 'a' (the name of this letter of the alphabet) {§8}
yabycy <N> [n] : alphabet
yabycyba <N> [v] : alphabetize, sort alphabetically


ye : 'e' (the name of this letter of the alphabet) {§8}


yi : 'i' (the name of this letter of the alphabet) {§8}


yo : 'o' (the name of this letter of the alphabet) {§8}


yu : 'u' (the name of this letter of the alphabet) {§8}


@ za [radical-p] : back, rear, ago {VIII}
ayeza [adv] : behind (located in the back)
zadi [n] : back (rear part) {IX}
zadiri : yesterday {§20,IX}
zaga [n] : back (dorsal part of the body) {IX}
zahinyo [adj] : last {IX}
zali [adv] : back (returning to previous location) {§30,IX}
zame : memory, remember {IX}
zapara [n] : grandfather {§14}
zari : past (time) {IX}
zaridi : last week {§20}
zariu [adv] : formerly {§30}
zate [n] : tail {IX}
zauma [n] : grandmother {§14}
zavandi : last night, previous night {§20}
zaxiodi : last Saturday, prior Saturday {VII}


@ zan [radical-n] : woman, female {VIII}
zan [n] : woman
zanne [n] : womanhood {§14}
zanpo [n] : skirt {IX}

zan [pfx] : (indicates the female sex) {§14}
zandi : female gender {IX}
zanko [n] : female child {§14}
zannin [n] : daughter {§14,IX}
zanpi [n] : hen {§14}
> zanyibo : cow

zan [sfx] : (indicates a "female agent") {§14}
* pizan [n] : female bird-keeper {§16}
> bozan : sister
kisazan <N> [n] : student (female)


@ ze [radical-n] : evil, sin, ugly {VIII}
ze <N> [!] : feh!, ick!, yuck!, blech!
ze [sfx] : (implies disapproval/unpleasantness like Esperanto -ac^-) {§17}
zeba [!] : damn! {§27}
zebatu [!] : damn you! {§27}
zeda [n] : crime {IX}
zeha [!] : curses!, drat! {§27}
zehatu [!] : curse you! {§27}
zeli : left -- to the left {§30}
zelisi [!] : go to hell!, left turn!, turn left! {§27}
zeyo [adj] : bad, evil {IX}


@ zen [radical-n] : ill, sick, disease {VIII}
zen [adj] : ill, sick {VII,IX}
zenga [n] : disease {IX}
hinzosuzen <N> [n] : hangover {PB}


@ zi [radical-n] : be, real, fact, positive {VIII}
zi [v] : be (copula) {IX}
zia [v] : There is ..., There are ..., be located at {§30}
zida [n] : existence {IX}
zike [!] : indeed!, really! {§27}
zila [n] : statement {IX}
zina [n] : fact {IX}
zine [n] : condition (state of being) {IX}
ziu [adv] : really, in fact {§30}


@ zin [radical-v] : live, life, vital {VIII}
zin [n] : life, living {IX}
zinha ran [!] : long live the King! {§27}
zinyasagiada [n] : life insurance company {§5}
ziri : present (time) {IX}
zivio [adj] : natural {IX}


@ zo [radical-n] : fire, burn, light {VIII}
zo [n] : fire {IX}
zobin [n] : kettle {IX}
zofi [adj] : warm {IX}
zoga : burn {IX}
^ heat injury?
zoje [n] : coal {IX}
zoka [v] : ignite, light (ignite) {VII}
zoka renbe <N> : turn on the radio
zoki [v] : heat {IX}
zoli [n/adj] : south {IX}
zona [n] : flame {IX}
zoro [adj] : red {IX}
* zorovelo : red flower (example of adjective attaching to noun) {§21}
zoru [v] : burn {IX}
zorusu [n] : lava {IX}
zosu <N> [n] : alcohol (distilled spirits to drink), booze, liquor (alcohol)
zote [n] : match (firestick) {IX}
zovan [n] : smoke {IX}
zoxinte <N> [n] : tube (electronic tube; "valve" in British English)
zoyakama <N> [n] : volcano {TB}
juzo <N> [n] : bonfire {RH}


@ zon [radical-n] : poison, infect {VIII}
zon [n] : poison {IX}


@ zu [radical-n] : animal, brutal, fierce {VIII}
zu [n] : animal {IX}
zua <N> [n] : den, lair
zumeni [adj] : cruel {IX}
zuvi [adj] : barbaric<?> {VII}


@ zun [radical-n] : seven, heptarchy {VIII}
zun [num] : seven {§19}
zunyatuko : seven eighths {§19}
zunyedi [num] : seventy
zunyo : seventh
zunyodi : Sunday {§20}


zy : 'z' (the name of this letter of the alphabet) {§8}


*
* non-oligosynthetic place names by Searight
*

Afrika [fu] : Africa {§15}
Amerika [fu] : America (the continent; see also "United States") {§15}
Asia [fu] : Asia {§15}
Europa [fu] : Europe {§15}

Angli [fu] : Englishman {§14}
Anglia [fu] : England {§15}
Anglo [fu] : English (language) {VII}
Arabi [fu] : Arab (male)  {§14}
Doica [fu] : German woman {§14}
Doicia [fu] : Germany {§15}
Fransa [fu] : French woman {§14}
Fransi [fu] : Frenchman {VII}
Fransia [fu] : France {§15}
Irana [fu] : Persian woman {§14}
Irania [fu] : Persia, Iran {§15}
Itala [fu] : Italian woman {§14}
Itali [fu] : Italian man
Italia [fu] : Italy
Nihonia [fu] : Japan {§22}
Portogali [fu] : Portguese person {VII}
Russia [fu] : Russia {§15}
Sini [fu] : Chinaman {§14}
Sinia [fu] : China {§15}

Marseilles [fu] : Marseilles {VII}
Moskva [fu] : Moscow {§15}
Napoli [fu] : Naples {§15}
Paris [fu] : Paris {VII}
Praha [fu] : Prague {§15}
Roma [fu] : Rome {VII}
Wien [fu] : Vienna {§15}
^ (but W is not a member of Sona's alphabet) 

*
* other non-oligosynthetic words by Searight
*

Al [fu] : aluminium {IX}
Alumin [fu] : aluminium, aluminum {IX}
Alkohol [fu] : alcohol {IX}
Bar [fu] : bar (where alcohol is served) {IX}
Bir [fu] : beer {IX}
Burs [fu] : stock exchange {IX}
Cai [fu] : tea {IX}
Cokolat [fu] : chocolate {IX}
Cu [fu] : copper {§10}
Elektrik [fu] : electric {IX}
Fonograf [fu] : phonograph {IX}
Fox-trot [fu] : foxtrot {§10}
Hotel [fu] : hotel {§10,IX}
Influenza [fu] : influenza {IX}
Kafe [fu] : coffee {IX}
Kafeya [fu] : cafe {VII}
Karnival [fu] : Carnival {§10}
Kodak [fu] : camera {IX}
Kutun [fu] : cotton {IX}
Lin [fu] : linen {IX}
Mail [fu] : mile {VII}
Menu [fu] : menu {§10}
Net [fu] : net (financial term) {VII}
Ni [fu] : nickel (the metal) {IX}
Opera [fu] : opera {IX}
Parafin [fu] : paraffin {IX}
Petrulo [fu] : oil {IX}
Piano [fu] : piano {IX}
Polis [fu] : police {IX}
Post [fu] : post (mail) {§10}
Prosa [fu] : prose {IX}
Radio [fu] : radio {§10}
Sigaret [fu] : cigarette {IX}
Sir [fu] : sir {IX}
Sona [special] : Sona (name of the language) {§1}
Sport [fu] : sport, sports {IX}
Sterlin [fu] : Pounds Sterling (unit of currency) {VII}
Tabak [fu] : tobacco {IX}
Taksi [fu] : taxi {IX}
Te [fu] : tea {IX}
Teatro [fu] : theatre {IX}
Telefon [fu] : telephone {IX}
Telegram [fu] : telegram {IX}
Uiski [fu] : whisky {IX}
Universita [fu] : university {IX}
Zn [fu] : zinc {IX}

*
* country names that already exist in Searight-approved forms
*

Albania <N> [fu] : Albania
Armenia <N> [fu] : Armenia
Bolivia <N> [fu] : Bolivia
Estonia <N> [fu] : Estonia
Indonesia <N> [fu] : Indonesia
Kambodia <N> [fu] : Cambodia
Kolombia <N> [fu] : Colombia
Kroatia <N> [fu] : Croatia
Latvia <N> [fu] : Latvia
Liberia <N> [fu] : Liberia
Mongolia <N> [fu] : Mongolia
Namibia <N> [fu] : Namibia
Romania <N> [fu] : Romania
Serbia <N> [fu] : Serbia
Somalia <N> [fu] : Somalia
Tanzania <N> [fu] : Tanzania
Tunisia <N> [fu] : Tunisia
Zambia <N> [fu] : Zambia

*
* non-oligosynthetic words proposed by Rich Harrison
*

Florida <N> [fu] : Florida
Sol <N> [fu] : sun (poetic synonym for 'hairo')
Usonia <N> [fu] : United States of America {from E-o "Usono"}

*
* non-oligosynthetic words proposed by Michael Everson
*

Dania <N> [fu] : Denmark
Iria <N> [fu] : Ireland
Norgia <N> [fu] : Norway
Spania <N> [fu] : Spain

*
* Searight's names of months - "the L. names are used" §20
* (actually we do not know if Searight would have written
* Ianuarius or Januarius and so forth; no examples in Book)
*

Ianuarius : January
Februarius : February
Martius : March
Aprilis : April
Maius : May
Iunius : June
Iulius : July
Augustus : August
September : September
October : October
November : November
December : December

*
* month names proposed by Linus Band
*

enmendi <N> : January
domendi <N> : February
tinmendi <N> : March
camendi <N> : April
penmendi <N> : May
ximendi <N> : June
zunmendi <N> : July
atumendi <N> : August
nunmendi <N> : September
dicimendi <N> : October
endicimendi <N> : November
dodicimendi <N> : December

*
* poetic month names proposed by Rich Harrison
*

abemendi <N> : January
ceiromendi <N> : February
donmendi <N> : March
furumendi <N> : April
homamendi <N> : May
juzomendi <N> : June
ludamendi <N> : July
melanmendi <N> : August
samamendi <N> : September
uzimendi <N> : October
xanmendi <N> : November
zumendi <N> : December


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